महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-3, verse-30

मणिरत्नचितां तां तु केचिदभ्येत्य पार्थिवाः ।
दृष्ट्वापि नाभ्यजानन्त तेऽज्ञानात्प्रपतन्त्युत ॥३०॥

30. maṇiratnacitāṁ tāṁ tu kecidabhyetya pārthivāḥ ,
dṛṣṭvāpi nābhyajānanta te'jñānātprapatantyuta.

30. maṇiratnacitām tām tu kecit abhyetya pārthivāḥ
dṛṣṭvā api na abhyajānanta te ajñānāt prapatanti uta

30. Indeed, some kings, even after approaching and seeing that (assembly hall) adorned with jewels and gems, did not recognize it. Certainly, due to ignorance, they fall into degradation.

Words meanings summery:

• मणिरत्नचिताम् (maṇiratnacitām) - adorned with jewels and gems

• ताम् (tām) - her, that (feminine)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• केचित् (kecit) - some, certain ones

• अभ्येत्य (abhyetya) - having approached, having come near

• पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - kings, rulers of the earth

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• अपि (api) - even, also

• न (na) - not, no

• अभ्यजानन्त (abhyajānanta) - they did not recognize, they did not know

• ते (te) - they

• अज्ञानात् (ajñānāt) - due to ignorance, from ignorance

• प्रपतन्ति (prapatanti) - they fall down, they perish, they suffer decline

• उत (uta) - certainly, indeed, moreover

Words meanings and morphology

मणिरत्नचिताम् (maṇiratnacitām) - adorned with jewels and gems

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of maṇiratnacita

maṇiratnacita - adorned with gems and jewels

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (maṇi+ratna+cita)

• maṇi – jewel
  noun (masculine)
• ratna – gem, jewel
  noun (neuter)
• cita – studded, covered, piled up
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ci (to pile, gather).
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Refers to the assembly hall (sabhām) implied from previous verses.

ताम् (tām) - her, that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

केचित् (kecit) - some, certain ones

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kaścid

kaścid - someone, something, some

अभ्येत्य (abhyetya) - having approached, having come near

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root i (to go) with upasargas abhi + ā. The final -ya indicates absolutive.

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: i (class 2)

पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - kings, rulers of the earth

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, earthly ruler, belonging to the earth

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root dṛś (to see).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अभ्यजानन्त (abhyajānanta) - they did not recognize, they did not know

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of jñā

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: With upasarga abhi, meaning 'to recognize' or 'to perceive'.

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अज्ञानात् (ajñānāt) - due to ignorance, from ignorance

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of ajñāna

ajñāna - ignorance, lack of knowledge

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jñāna)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, understanding
  noun (neuter)

प्रपतन्ति (prapatanti) - they fall down, they perish, they suffer decline

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pat

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: With upasarga pra, indicating 'down' or 'forth'.

उत (uta) - certainly, indeed, moreover

(indeclinable)