महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-3, verse-18

गदां च भीमसेनाय प्रवरां प्रददौ तदा ।
देवदत्तं च पार्थाय ददौ शङ्खमनुत्तमम् ॥१८॥

18. gadāṁ ca bhīmasenāya pravarāṁ pradadau tadā ,
devadattaṁ ca pārthāya dadau śaṅkhamanuttamam.

18. gadām ca bhīmasenāya pravarām pradadau tadā
devadattam ca pārthāya dadau śaṅkham anuttamam

18. Then he gave an excellent mace to Bhimasena, and he gave the superb conch named Devadatta to Partha (Arjuna).

Words meanings summery:

• गदाम् (gadām) - mace, club

• च (ca) - and

• भीमसेनाय (bhīmasenāya) - to Bhimasena

• प्रवराम् (pravarām) - excellent, best, chief

• प्रददौ (pradadau) - gave, bestowed

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• देवदत्तम् (devadattam) - Devadatta (name of Arjuna's conch)

• च (ca) - and

• पार्थाय (pārthāya) - to Partha (Arjuna)

• ददौ (dadau) - gave, bestowed

• शङ्खम् (śaṅkham) - conch, conch-shell

• अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unsurpassed, excellent, best

Words meanings and morphology

गदाम् (gadām) - mace, club

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

भीमसेनाय (bhīmasenāya) - to Bhimasena

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (name of a Pāṇḍava prince)

प्रवराम् (pravarām) - excellent, best, chief

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pravara

pravara - excellent, best, chief

Note: Agrees with `gadām`

प्रददौ (pradadau) - gave, bestowed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pradā

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

देवदत्तम् (devadattam) - Devadatta (name of Arjuna's conch)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of devadatta

devadatta - given by the gods, Devadatta (proper name, especially of Arjuna's conch)

Past Passive Participle

From `deva` (god) + `datta` (given)

Compound type : tatpurusha (deva+datta)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• datta – given, bestowed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `dā` (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with `śaṅkham` (neuter accusative singular)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पार्थाय (pārthāya) - to Partha (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kunti), Arjuna

patronymic

Derived from Pṛthā

ददौ (dadau) - gave, bestowed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

शङ्खम् (śaṅkham) - conch, conch-shell

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaṅkha

śaṅkha - conch-shell

अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unsurpassed, excellent, best

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anuttama

anuttama - unsurpassed, excellent, best

Negation of `uttama` (best)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (an+uttama)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• uttama – best, excellent, highest
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  superlative
  From `ud` + `tama` suffix
  Prefix: ud

Note: Agrees with `śaṅkham`