महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-75, verse-20

तस्मिन्निपतिते नागे वज्रदत्तस्य पाण्डवः ।
तं न भेतव्यमित्याह ततो भूमिगतं नृपम् ॥२०॥

20. tasminnipatite nāge vajradattasya pāṇḍavaḥ ,
taṁ na bhetavyamityāha tato bhūmigataṁ nṛpam.

20. tasmin nipatite nāge vajradattasya pāṇḍavaḥ tam
na bhetavyam iti āha tataḥ bhūmi-gatam nṛpam

20. When that elephant (nāga) belonging to Vajradatta had fallen, the Pāṇḍava (Arjuna) then said to that king, who had fallen to the ground, 'You should not be afraid.'

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (elephant) (in that, on that)

• निपतिते (nipatite) - having fallen (having fallen down, descended)

• नागे (nāge) - when the elephant (war elephant) (in the serpent, on the serpent)

• वज्रदत्तस्य (vajradattasya) - belonging to Vajradatta (of Vajradatta)

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Arjuna (descendant of Pāṇḍu, Arjuna)

• तम् (tam) - that (king) (him, that)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• भेतव्यम् (bhetavyam) - you should be afraid (implying 'not to be afraid') (to be feared, should be afraid)

• इति (iti) - thus (marking direct speech) (thus, so (quotation marker))

• आह (āha) - he said (he said, he spoke)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (thence, then, afterwards)

• भूमि-गतम् (bhūmi-gatam) - fallen to the ground (gone to the ground, fallen to the earth)

• नृपम् (nṛpam) - king (Vajradatta) (king)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (elephant) (in that, on that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine locative singular form of 'tad'. Part of locative absolute construction.

निपतिते (nipatite) - having fallen (having fallen down, descended)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of nipatita

nipatita - fallen down, descended

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'pat' (to fall) with prefix 'ni-'

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Masculine locative singular. Part of locative absolute construction.

नागे (nāge) - when the elephant (war elephant) (in the serpent, on the serpent)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of nāga

nāga - serpent, snake, elephant, mountain

Note: Masculine locative singular. Part of locative absolute construction. Here, 'nāga' refers to a war elephant.

वज्रदत्तस्य (vajradattasya) - belonging to Vajradatta (of Vajradatta)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vajradatta

vajradatta - Vajradatta (proper name)

Name of a king

Note: Masculine genitive singular. Indicates possession or relation for 'nāge'.

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Arjuna (descendant of Pāṇḍu, Arjuna)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu

Note: Masculine nominative singular.

तम् (tam) - that (king) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine accusative singular. Refers to 'nṛpam'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

भेतव्यम् (bhetavyam) - you should be afraid (implying 'not to be afraid') (to be feared, should be afraid)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhetavya

bhetavya - to be feared, fit to be feared

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Derived from root 'bhī' (to fear) + tavya suffix. Neuter nominative/accusative singular.

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Neuter nominative singular, often used impersonally for obligation.

इति (iti) - thus (marking direct speech) (thus, so (quotation marker))

(indeclinable)

Note: Quotation marker.

आह (āha) - he said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of ah

Perfect Tense

Perfect, 3rd person singular, root ah (irregular)

Root: ah (class 2)

Note: Active voice perfect 3rd person singular.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (thence, then, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

Suffix -tas added to pronoun 'tad'

Note: Adverb of time.

भूमि-गतम् (bhūmi-gatam) - fallen to the ground (gone to the ground, fallen to the earth)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhūmigata

bhūmigata - gone to the earth, lying on the ground

Compound: bhūmi (earth) + gata (gone)

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhūmi+gata)

• bhūmi – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• gata – gone, gone to, reached
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'nṛpam'.

नृपम् (nṛpam) - king (Vajradatta) (king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king (lit. 'protector of men')

Compound: nṛ (men) + pa (protector)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, men
  noun (masculine)
  Stem of 'nṛ' (man)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'pā' (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Masculine accusative singular.