महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-7, verse-16

स मामभिगतं प्रेम्णा याज्यवन्न बुभूषति ।
देवराजमुपाश्रित्य तद्विद्धि मुनिपुंगव ॥१६॥

16. sa māmabhigataṁ premṇā yājyavanna bubhūṣati ,
devarājamupāśritya tadviddhi munipuṁgava.

16. saḥ mām abhigatam premnā yājyavat na bubhūṣati
devarājam upāśritya tat viddhi munipuṅgava

16. munipuṅgava saḥ premnā abhigatam mām yājyavat
na bubhūṣati devarājam upāśritya tat viddhi

16. He (Bṛhaspati) does not wish to accept me, who approached him with affection, as a patron (yājya). Understand this, O best of sages (munipuṅgava), as he relies on the king of gods (Indra).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to Bṛhaspati. (he, that)

• माम् (mām) - Refers to King Marutta. (me)

• अभिगतम् (abhigatam) - Marutta having approached Bṛhaspati. (approached, resorted to)

• प्रेम्ना (premnā) - Marutta approaching Bṛhaspati with affection. (with love, affection)

• याज्यवत् (yājyavat) - As someone for whom a Vedic ritual (yajña) should be performed. (like a patron, as a patron)

• न (na) - Negates the verb 'bubhūṣati'. (not, no)

• बुभूषति (bubhūṣati) - Bṛhaspati does not desire to have Marutta as a patron. (desires to be, desires to have)

• देवराजम् (devarājam) - Refers to Indra. (king of gods (Indra))

• उपाश्रित्य (upāśritya) - Bṛhaspati relying on Indra. (having resorted to, having taken refuge with, relying on)

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the whole situation or the fact that Bṛhaspati relies on Indra. (that, this)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - Marutta is instructing Saṃvarta to understand the situation. (know, understand)

• मुनिपुङ्गव (munipuṅgava) - Vocative, addressing Saṃvarta. (best of sages, eminent sage)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Refers to Bṛhaspati. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'bubhūṣati'.

माम् (mām) - Refers to King Marutta. (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Object of 'bubhūṣati' (to have me as).

अभिगतम् (abhigatam) - Marutta having approached Bṛhaspati. (approached, resorted to)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhigata

abhigata - approached, gone near, resorted to

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `gam` (to go) with prefix `abhi`.

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mām'.

प्रेम्ना (premnā) - Marutta approaching Bṛhaspati with affection. (with love, affection)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prema

prema - love, affection, tenderness

Note: Indicates the manner of approach.

याज्यवत् (yājyavat) - As someone for whom a Vedic ritual (yajña) should be performed. (like a patron, as a patron)

(indeclinable)

Derived from `yājya` (patron) with suffix `-vat` (like, as).

Note: Adverbial usage describing the role Marutta wishes to be accepted in.

न (na) - Negates the verb 'bubhūṣati'. (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negative particle.

बुभूषति (bubhūṣati) - Bṛhaspati does not desire to have Marutta as a patron. (desires to be, desires to have)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Desiderative Active, 3rd person singular

Desiderative form of root `bhū` (to be), conjugated in present tense, active voice. Means 'wishes to be' or 'wishes to have'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'saḥ' (Bṛhaspati).

देवराजम् (devarājam) - Refers to Indra. (king of gods (Indra))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of devarāja

devarāja - king of gods (Indra)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+rāja)

• deva – god, divine
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'upāśritya'.

उपाश्रित्य (upāśritya) - Bṛhaspati relying on Indra. (having resorted to, having taken refuge with, relying on)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root `śri` (to resort to, cling to) with prefixes `upa` and `ā`.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Indicates the reason for Bṛhaspati's refusal.

तत् (tat) - Refers to the whole situation or the fact that Bṛhaspati relies on Indra. (that, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'viddhi'.

विद्धि (viddhi) - Marutta is instructing Saṃvarta to understand the situation. (know, understand)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative Active, 2nd person singular

Root `vid` (class 2) conjugated in imperative mood. Irregular form.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject is implied 'you' (Saṃvarta).

मुनिपुङ्गव (munipuṅgava) - Vocative, addressing Saṃvarta. (best of sages, eminent sage)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of munipuṅgava

munipuṅgava - best of sages

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (muni+puṅgava)

• muni – sage, ascetic, silent one (muni)
  noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull, chief, eminent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Marutta addressing Saṃvarta.