महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-7, verse-15

स्पर्धते च मया विप्र सदा वै स हि पार्थिवः ।
एवमस्त्विति चाप्युक्तो भ्रात्रा ते बलवृत्रहा ॥१५॥

15. spardhate ca mayā vipra sadā vai sa hi pārthivaḥ ,
evamastviti cāpyukto bhrātrā te balavṛtrahā.

15. spardhate ca mayā vipra sadā vai saḥ hi pārthivaḥ
evam astu iti ca api uktaḥ bhrātrā te balavṛtrahā

15. vipra saḥ pārthivaḥ hi mayā sadā vai spardhate ca
te bhrātrā balavṛtrahā ca api evam astu iti uktaḥ

15. O Brahmin (Bṛhaspati), that king (Marutta) indeed always competes with me (Indra). And 'So be it' was also declared by your brother, the slayer of Bala and Vṛtra (Indra).

Words meanings summery:

• स्पर्धते (spardhate) - King Marutta competes with Indra. (competes, vies with)

• च (ca) - and, also

• मया (mayā) - With Indra, who is the speaker in this quoted command. (by me, with me)

• विप्र (vipra) - Vocative, referring to Bṛhaspati. (O Brahmin, wise man)

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• वै (vai) - Emphasizes the statement. (indeed, certainly)

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to King Marutta. (he, that)

• हि (hi) - Emphatic particle, confirming the statement. (indeed, surely, for)

• पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - Refers to King Marutta. (king, earthly, sovereign)

• एवम् (evam) - Refers to the statement 'So be it.' (thus, so, in this manner)

• अस्तु (astu) - A phrase of affirmation, 'So be it'. (let it be, may it be)

• इति (iti) - Marks the end of the direct speech 'evam astu'. (thus, so (marks direct speech))

• च (ca) - Connects this statement with the previous one. (and, also)

• अपि (api) - Adds emphasis or inclusion. (also, even)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - Refers to the statement 'evam astu' being spoken. (spoken, said)

• भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - By Bṛhaspati's brother. (by the brother)

• ते (te) - Refers to Bṛhaspati (the 'you' being addressed by Indra). (your, by you)

• बलवृत्रहा (balavṛtrahā) - Refers to Indra, understood as in apposition to 'your brother' in this particular narrative. (slayer of Bala and Vṛtra (Indra))

Words meanings and morphology

स्पर्धते (spardhate) - King Marutta competes with Indra. (competes, vies with)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of spardh

Present Middle, 3rd person singular

Root `spardh` (class 1) conjugated in present tense, middle voice.

Root: spardh (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'saḥ pārthivaḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मया (mayā) - With Indra, who is the speaker in this quoted command. (by me, with me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Indicates the object of competition ('competes with me').

विप्र (vipra) - Vocative, referring to Bṛhaspati. (O Brahmin, wise man)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, inspired, wise

Note: Indra addressing Bṛhaspati.

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

वै (vai) - Emphasizes the statement. (indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

सः (saḥ) - Refers to King Marutta. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'spardhate'.

हि (hi) - Emphatic particle, confirming the statement. (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - Refers to King Marutta. (king, earthly, sovereign)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, a king, sovereign, prince

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ'.

एवम् (evam) - Refers to the statement 'So be it.' (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Part of the direct speech 'evam astu'.

अस्तु (astu) - A phrase of affirmation, 'So be it'. (let it be, may it be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of as

Imperative Active, 3rd person singular

Root `as` (to be) in imperative mood.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Part of the direct speech 'evam astu'.

इति (iti) - Marks the end of the direct speech 'evam astu'. (thus, so (marks direct speech))

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - Connects this statement with the previous one. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - Adds emphasis or inclusion. (also, even)

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - Refers to the statement 'evam astu' being spoken. (spoken, said)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, declared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `vac` (to speak), irregular past passive participle.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Refers to the statement 'evam astu' (implicitly masculine in agreement here, likely due to context with an implied masculine subject or generic 'it').

भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - By Bṛhaspati's brother. (by the brother)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Agent of 'uktaḥ'.

ते (te) - Refers to Bṛhaspati (the 'you' being addressed by Indra). (your, by you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive, 'your brother'.

बलवृत्रहा (balavṛtrahā) - Refers to Indra, understood as in apposition to 'your brother' in this particular narrative. (slayer of Bala and Vṛtra (Indra))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavṛtrahan

balavṛtrahan - slayer of Bala and Vṛtra (an epithet of Indra)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bala+vṛtrahan)

• bala – strength, power, a demon
  noun (masculine)
• vṛtrahan – slayer of Vṛtra
  noun (masculine)
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: As nominative, it refers to Indra. It is in apposition to 'bhrātrā te' if assuming the poetic license that Indra is Bṛhaspati's brother in this context. Otherwise, it implies a separate subject of 'uktaḥ' or a highly elliptical construction.