महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-7, verse-13

मरुत्त उवाच ।
बृहस्पतिं गतः पूर्वमहं संवर्त तच्छृणु ।
न मां कामयते याज्यमसौ वासववारितः ॥१३॥

13. marutta uvāca ,
bṛhaspatiṁ gataḥ pūrvamahaṁ saṁvarta tacchṛṇu ,
na māṁ kāmayate yājyamasau vāsavavāritaḥ.

13. maruttaḥ uvāca bṛhaspatim gataḥ pūrvam aham saṃvarta
tat śṛṇu na mām kāmayate yājyam asau vāsavavāritaḥ

13. maruttaḥ uvāca aham pūrvam bṛhaspatim gataḥ saṃvarta
tat śṛṇu asau vāsavavāritaḥ mām yājyam na kāmayate

13. Marutta said: O Saṃvarta, listen to this. Earlier, I went to Bṛhaspati. He did not desire to act as priest for me (yājya), as he was forbidden by Vāsava (Indra).

Words meanings summery:

• मरुत्तः (maruttaḥ) - King Marutta, the speaker of these verses. (Marutta (a king))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• बृहस्पतिम् (bṛhaspatim) - The deity Bṛhaspati, the priest whom King Marutta approached. (Bṛhaspati (the preceptor of the gods))

• गतः (gataḥ) - gone, went, approached

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before

• अहम् (aham) - King Marutta, the speaker. (I)

• संवर्त (saṁvarta) - The sage Saṃvarta, to whom Marutta is speaking. (Saṃvarta (a sage))

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the preceding statement or the matter to be explained. (that, therefore)

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

• न (na) - not, no

• माम् (mām) - King Marutta. (me)

• कामयते (kāmayate) - Bṛhaspati desires. (desires, wishes)

• याज्यम् (yājyam) - As a patron (yajyamāna) for whom Bṛhaspati would officiate a ritual. (worthy of sacrifice, to be officiated for (as a patron))

• असौ (asau) - Bṛhaspati. (that one, he)

• वासववारितः (vāsavavāritaḥ) - Bṛhaspati was restrained by Indra. (restrained by Vāsava (Indra))

Words meanings and morphology

मरुत्तः (maruttaḥ) - King Marutta, the speaker of these verses. (Marutta (a king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of marutta

marutta - Marutta (a king, son of Saṃvarta)

Note: Refers to the king Marutta who is speaking.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active, 3rd person singular

Root `vac` takes reduplication and changes to `uvāca` in perfect tense.

Root: vac (class 2)

बृहस्पतिम् (bṛhaspatim) - The deity Bṛhaspati, the priest whom King Marutta approached. (Bṛhaspati (the preceptor of the gods))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bṛhaspati

bṛhaspati - lord of prayer or devotion, preceptor of the gods, a priest

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bṛhat+pati)

• bṛhat – great, large, lofty
  adjective
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

गतः (gataḥ) - gone, went, approached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached, understood

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `gam` (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used here as an adjective agreeing with 'aham'.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an adverb of time.

अहम् (aham) - King Marutta, the speaker. (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

संवर्त (saṁvarta) - The sage Saṃvarta, to whom Marutta is speaking. (Saṃvarta (a sage))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃvarta

saṁvarta - a sage, destruction of the world, a cloud

Note: Used in direct address.

तत् (tat) - Refers to the preceding statement or the matter to be explained. (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used here as the object of 'śṛṇu'.

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of śru

Imperative Active, 2nd person singular

Root `śru` (class 5) in imperative mood.

Root: śru (class 5)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negative particle.

माम् (mām) - King Marutta. (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Object of 'kāmayate'.

कामयते (kāmayate) - Bṛhaspati desires. (desires, wishes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of kam

Present Middle, 3rd person singular (denom. from kāma)

Derived from the desiderative stem of `kam`, conjugated in the middle voice. The root `kam` belongs to class 1, but its desiderative form (kāmayati/kāmayate) functions as a separate verb.

Root: kam (class 1)

Note: The subject 'asau' (Bṛhaspati) is implied.

याज्यम् (yājyam) - As a patron (yajyamāna) for whom Bṛhaspati would officiate a ritual. (worthy of sacrifice, to be officiated for (as a patron))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yājya

yājya - to be sacrificed, worthy of sacrifice, a sacrificer's patron

Gerundive

Derived from root `yaj` (to sacrifice) with suffix `-ya`.

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mām'.

असौ (asau) - Bṛhaspati. (that one, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, that one, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'kāmayate'.

वासववारितः (vāsavavāritaḥ) - Bṛhaspati was restrained by Indra. (restrained by Vāsava (Indra))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsavavārita

vāsavavārita - restrained by Indra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāsava+vārita)

• vāsava – Indra, descendant of Vasu
  proper noun (masculine)
• vārita – prevented, restrained, forbidden
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `vṛ` (to cover, restrain) with prefix `ni` (implied by `vārita` generally referring to prevention or obstruction). More directly from `vārayati` (causative of `vṛ`).
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'asau' (Bṛhaspati).