महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-52, verse-15

वासुदेव उवाच ।
कृतो यत्नो मया ब्रह्मन्सौभ्रात्रे कौरवान्प्रति ।
न चाशक्यन्त संधातुं तेऽधर्मरुचयो मया ॥१५॥

15. vāsudeva uvāca ,
kṛto yatno mayā brahmansaubhrātre kauravānprati ,
na cāśakyanta saṁdhātuṁ te'dharmarucayo mayā.

15. vāsudeva uvāca kṛtaḥ yatnaḥ mayā brahman saubhrātre kauravān
prati na ca aśakyanta saṃdhātum te adharmarucayaḥ mayā

15. Vasudeva said: 'O Brahmin, I made an effort for reconciliation with the Kauravas. But they, being inclined towards unrighteousness (adharma), could not be brought to an agreement by me.'

Words meanings summery:

• वासुदेव (vāsudeva) - Krishna (Vasudeva (Krishna))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

• कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made, done, performed

• यत्नः (yatnaḥ) - effort, exertion, endeavor

• मया (mayā) - by me

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin

• सौभ्रात्रे (saubhrātre) - for reconciliation, for good relations among brothers (for the brotherhood, for good relations)

• कौरवान् (kauravān) - the Kauravas

• प्रति (prati) - regarding, towards

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and

• अशक्यन्त (aśakyanta) - they could not be made, they were unable

• संधातुम् (saṁdhātum) - to reconcile, to unite, to make peace

• ते (te) - they

• अधर्मरुचयः (adharmarucayaḥ) - those who delight in unrighteousness (those whose inclination is towards unrighteousness)

• मया (mayā) - by me

Words meanings and morphology

वासुदेव (vāsudeva) - Krishna (Vasudeva (Krishna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - son of Vasudeva (an epithet of Krishna)

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Tense

Root vac (2nd class), perfect tense form.

Root: vac (class 2)

कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made, done, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, accomplished, performed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with yatnaḥ.

यत्नः (yatnaḥ) - effort, exertion, endeavor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor, attempt

From root yat (to strive).

Root: yat (class 1)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of mad

mad - I (1st person pronoun)

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - a Brahmin (member of the priestly class), the sacred word, the absolute reality (brahman)

सौभ्रात्रे (saubhrātre) - for reconciliation, for good relations among brothers (for the brotherhood, for good relations)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saubhrātra

saubhrātra - brotherhood, fraternal affection, good relations among brothers

Derived from subhrātṛ (good brother).

Note: Used here with a dative sense 'for brotherhood'.

कौरवान् (kauravān) - the Kauravas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru, belonging to the Kuru clan

प्रति (prati) - regarding, towards

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अशक्यन्त (aśakyanta) - they could not be made, they were unable

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of śak

Imperfect Tense

Root śak (5th class). Imperfect 3rd plural middle. Augment 'a' for past tense.

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Used in a passive sense 'could not be made (to reconcile)' or intransitive 'they were unable'.

संधातुम् (saṁdhātum) - to reconcile, to unite, to make peace

(verb)

infinitive (tumun) of saṃdhā

Infinitive

Root dhā (3rd class) with upasarga saṃ.

Prefix: sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this (demonstrative/anaphoric pronoun)

अधर्मरुचयः (adharmarucayaḥ) - those who delight in unrighteousness (those whose inclination is towards unrighteousness)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of adharmaruci

adharmaruci - inclined to unrighteousness, delighting in unrighteousness

Compound type : bahuvrihi (adharma+ruci)

• adharma – unrighteousness, unconstitutionality, injustice
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: a
• ruci – light, luster, taste, inclination, liking, delight
  noun (feminine)
  Root: ruc (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'te'.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of mad

mad - I (1st person pronoun)