महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-52, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तथा प्रयान्तं वार्ष्णेयं द्वारकां भरतर्षभाः ।
परिष्वज्य न्यवर्तन्त सानुयात्राः परंतपाः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tathā prayāntaṁ vārṣṇeyaṁ dvārakāṁ bharatarṣabhāḥ ,
pariṣvajya nyavartanta sānuyātrāḥ paraṁtapāḥ.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca tathā prayāntam vārṣṇeyam dvārakām
bharatarṣabhāḥ pariṣvajya ni avartanta sānuyātrāḥ paraṃtapāḥ

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca tathā vārṣṇeyam dvārakām prayāntam
bharatarṣabhāḥ paraṃtapāḥ sānuyātrāḥ pariṣvajya ni avartanta

1. Vaiśampāyana said: As the Vārṣṇeya (Kṛṣṇa) was thus departing for Dvārakā, the foremost of the Bhāratas, those tormentors of foes, embraced him and then returned along with their entourage.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (the narrator of this part of the Mahābhārata) (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - (Vaiśampāyana) said (said, spoke)

• तथा (tathā) - thus (as described previously or implying the ongoing nature of the event) (thus, in that manner, so)

• प्रयान्तम् (prayāntam) - (Kṛṣṇa) departing (departing, going forth)

• वार्ष्णेयम् (vārṣṇeyam) - Kṛṣṇa (descendant of Vṛṣṇi) (descendant of Vṛṣṇi, belonging to Vṛṣṇi's family)

• द्वारकाम् (dvārakām) - (towards) Dvārakā, the city (Dvārakā (a city))

• भरतर्षभाः (bharatarṣabhāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas, as the foremost of Bhāratas (foremost of Bhāratas, best of Bharatas)

• परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - (they) having embraced (him) (having embraced, embracing)

• नि (ni) - back (indicating return in combination with 'avartanta') (down, into, back)

• अवर्तन्त (avartanta) - they returned (with the upasarga 'ni') (they turned, they remained)

• सानुयात्राः (sānuyātrāḥ) - (the Bhāratas) with their entourage (with their entourage, accompanied by followers)

• परंतपाः (paraṁtapāḥ) - (the Bhāratas) tormentors of foes (tormentors of foes, subduers of enemies)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (the narrator of this part of the Mahābhārata) (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, a narrator of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - (Vaiśampāyana) said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

root vac, perfect 3rd singular

Root: vac (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - thus (as described previously or implying the ongoing nature of the event) (thus, in that manner, so)

(indeclinable)

प्रयान्तम् (prayāntam) - (Kṛṣṇa) departing (departing, going forth)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prayāt

prayāt - departing, going forth

Present Active Participle

derived from pra + root yā (to go)

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

वार्ष्णेयम् (vārṣṇeyam) - Kṛṣṇa (descendant of Vṛṣṇi) (descendant of Vṛṣṇi, belonging to Vṛṣṇi's family)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vārṣṇeya

vārṣṇeya - descendant of Vṛṣṇi (an epithet for Kṛṣṇa)

taddhita derivation from Vṛṣṇi

द्वारकाम् (dvārakām) - (towards) Dvārakā, the city (Dvārakā (a city))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dvārakā

dvārakā - name of a city, Kṛṣṇa's capital

भरतर्षभाः (bharatarṣabhāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas, as the foremost of Bhāratas (foremost of Bhāratas, best of Bharatas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - foremost of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a king, an Indian
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, excellent, chief, best
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣ

परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - (they) having embraced (him) (having embraced, embracing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

derived from pari + root svaj (to embrace)

Prefix: pari

Root: svaj (class 1)

नि (ni) - back (indicating return in combination with 'avartanta') (down, into, back)

(indeclinable)

upasarga

Note: Upasarga for the verb avartanta

अवर्तन्त (avartanta) - they returned (with the upasarga 'ni') (they turned, they remained)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

Imperfect Middle

root vṛt, imperfect 3rd plural middle, preceded by upasarga ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

सानुयात्राः (sānuyātrāḥ) - (the Bhāratas) with their entourage (with their entourage, accompanied by followers)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sānuyātra

sānuyātra - accompanied by followers, with an entourage

Bahuvrīhi compound: sa (with) + anuyātrā (followers)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+anuyātrā)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  prefix/indeclinable
• anuyātrā – following, entourage, retinue
  noun (feminine)
  anu + root yā + trā
  Prefix: anu
  Root: yā

परंतपाः (paraṁtapāḥ) - (the Bhāratas) tormentors of foes (tormentors of foes, subduers of enemies)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies

compound: para (enemy) + tapa (burning/tormenting)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+tapa)

• para – enemy, stranger, other
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – burning, tormenting, causing pain
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from root tap
  kṛt suffix -a
  Root: tap (class 1)