महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-32, verse-17

भैक्ष्यचर्यासु निरताः कृशा गुरुकुलाश्रयाः ।
निःसुखा निर्धना ये च तान्नमस्यामि यादव ॥१७॥

17. bhaikṣyacaryāsu niratāḥ kṛśā gurukulāśrayāḥ ,
niḥsukhā nirdhanā ye ca tānnamasyāmi yādava.

17. bhaikṣyacaryāsu niratāḥ kṛśāḥ gurukulāśrayāḥ
niḥsukhāḥ nirdhanāḥ ye ca tān namasyāmi yādava

17. yādava ye bhaikṣyacaryāsu niratāḥ kṛśāḥ
gurukulāśrayāḥ ca niḥsukhāḥ nirdhanāḥ tān namasyāmi

17. O Yādava, I salute those who are engaged in begging for alms, who are emaciated, who reside in a teacher's (guru) household, and who are devoid of comfort and wealth.

Words meanings summery:

• भैक्ष्यचर्यासु (bhaikṣyacaryāsu) - in the practice of begging for alms (in the practices of begging alms)

• निरताः (niratāḥ) - engaged (engaged, devoted, intent upon)

• कृशाः (kṛśāḥ) - emaciated (emaciated, lean, thin)

• गुरुकुलाश्रयाः (gurukulāśrayāḥ) - who reside in a teacher's (guru) household (those who reside in a guru's family/school)

• निःसुखाः (niḥsukhāḥ) - devoid of comfort (without happiness, devoid of comfort)

• निर्धनाः (nirdhanāḥ) - without wealth (without wealth, poor)

• ये (ye) - who (who, those who)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तान् (tān) - them (those, them)

• नमस्यामि (namasyāmi) - I salute (I bow down, I salute)

• यादव (yādava) - O Yādava (O descendant of Yadu (Krishna))

Words meanings and morphology

भैक्ष्यचर्यासु (bhaikṣyacaryāsu) - in the practice of begging for alms (in the practices of begging alms)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of bhaikṣyacaryā

bhaikṣyacaryā - practice of begging for alms, mendicancy

Compound of bhaikṣya (alms) and caryā (practice, conduct).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhaikṣya+caryā)

• bhaikṣya – alms, food obtained by begging
  noun (neuter)
  From bhikṣā (begging) + ya.
  Root: bhikṣ (class 1)
• caryā – conduct, practice, observance, course
  noun (feminine)
  From √car (to move, to practice) + a (feminine suffix).
  Root: car (class 1)

निरताः (niratāḥ) - engaged (engaged, devoted, intent upon)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirata

nirata - engaged in, devoted to, absorbed in

Past Passive Participle

From ni-√ram (to delight, stop) with 'ni' as prefix meaning 'into' or 'deeply'.

Prefix: ni

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied subject (sages/people).

कृशाः (kṛśāḥ) - emaciated (emaciated, lean, thin)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛśa

kṛśa - thin, lean, emaciated, weak

Root: kṛś (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied subject.

गुरुकुलाश्रयाः (gurukulāśrayāḥ) - who reside in a teacher's (guru) household (those who reside in a guru's family/school)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gurukulāśraya

gurukulāśraya - dependent on a guru's family, residing in a guru's household

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (guru+kula+āśraya)

• guru – teacher, spiritual preceptor, heavy, important
  noun (masculine)
• kula – family, household, lineage, school
  noun (neuter)
• āśraya – resort, refuge, shelter, dwelling
  noun (masculine)
  From ā-√śri (to resort to, lean upon).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied subject.

निःसुखाः (niḥsukhāḥ) - devoid of comfort (without happiness, devoid of comfort)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niḥsukha

niḥsukha - unhappy, comfortless, without pleasure

Compound with nis (without).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+sukha)

• nis – out, forth, without, negation
  indeclinable
  Preposition/prefix.
• sukha – happiness, pleasure, comfort
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies the implied subject.

निर्धनाः (nirdhanāḥ) - without wealth (without wealth, poor)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirdhana

nirdhana - poor, destitute, without wealth

Compound with nis (without).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+dhana)

• nis – out, forth, without, negation
  indeclinable
  Preposition/prefix.
• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
  From √dhā (to place, bestow).
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Modifies the implied subject.

ये (ye) - who (who, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

Relative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the implied subject.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

तान् (tān) - them (those, them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of namasyāmi.

नमस्यामि (namasyāmi) - I salute (I bow down, I salute)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of namasya

Present active indicative

Denominative verb from namas (bow, homage). The noun namas is from √nam (to bow).

Note: The subject 'I' is implied.

यादव (yādava) - O Yādava (O descendant of Yadu (Krishna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yādava

yādava - descendant of Yadu, patronymic for Krishna

From Yadu + a (taddhita suffix).

Note: Vocative case addressing Krishna.