महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-12, chapter-46, verse-35
सुग्रीवसैन्यप्रमुखैर्वराश्वैर्मनोजवैः काञ्चनभूषिताङ्गैः ।
सुयुक्तमावेदयदच्युताय कृताञ्जलिर्दारुको राजसिंह ॥३५॥
सुयुक्तमावेदयदच्युताय कृताञ्जलिर्दारुको राजसिंह ॥३५॥
35. sugrīvasainyapramukhairvarāśvai;rmanojavaiḥ kāñcanabhūṣitāṅgaiḥ ,
suyuktamāvedayadacyutāya; kṛtāñjalirdāruko rājasiṁha.
suyuktamāvedayadacyutāya; kṛtāñjalirdāruko rājasiṁha.
35.
sugrīvasainyapramukhaiḥ varāśvaiḥ
manojavaiḥ kāñcanabhūṣitāṅgaiḥ
suyuktam āvedayat acyutāya
kṛtāñjaliḥ dārukaḥ rājasimhaḥ
manojavaiḥ kāñcanabhūṣitāṅgaiḥ
suyuktam āvedayat acyutāya
kṛtāñjaliḥ dārukaḥ rājasimhaḥ
35.
rājasimhaḥ dārukaḥ kṛtāñjaliḥ
sugrīvasainyapramukhaiḥ manojavaiḥ
kāñcanabhūṣitāṅgaiḥ varāśvaiḥ
suyuktam acyutāya āvedayat
sugrīvasainyapramukhaiḥ manojavaiḥ
kāñcanabhūṣitāṅgaiḥ varāśvaiḥ
suyuktam acyutāya āvedayat
35.
Daruka, the lion among kings (rājasimha), with folded hands (kṛtāñjali), reported to Acyuta (Krishna) that the chariot was well-prepared, complete with excellent horses led by Sugrīva and others, swift as thought, and adorned with golden ornaments on their bodies.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सुग्रीवसैन्यप्रमुखैः (sugrīvasainyapramukhaiḥ) - with Sugrīva and others as the leaders (of the horses) (with Sugriva as the chief of the army/horses)
- वराश्वैः (varāśvaiḥ) - with excellent horses (by excellent horses)
- मनोजवैः (manojavaiḥ) - swift as thought (swift as thought, having the speed of mind)
- काञ्चनभूषिताङ्गैः (kāñcanabhūṣitāṅgaiḥ) - adorned with golden ornaments on their bodies (whose limbs/bodies are adorned with gold)
- सुयुक्तम् (suyuktam) - well-prepared (the chariot) (well-prepared, well-yoked, well-appointed)
- आवेदयत् (āvedayat) - reported (reported, announced, informed)
- अच्युताय (acyutāya) - to Acyuta (Krishna) (to Acyuta (Vishnu/Krishna))
- कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (with folded hands, having made an añjali (reverential gesture))
- दारुकः (dārukaḥ) - Daruka (Daruka (Krishna's charioteer))
- राजसिम्हः (rājasimhaḥ) - lion among kings (lion among kings, best of kings)
Words meanings and morphology
सुग्रीवसैन्यप्रमुखैः (sugrīvasainyapramukhaiḥ) - with Sugrīva and others as the leaders (of the horses) (with Sugriva as the chief of the army/horses)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of sugrīvasainyapramukha
sugrīvasainyapramukha - having Sugriva as the chief of the army/horses
Compound: Sugrīva (name of a horse/leader), sainya (army/group), pramukha (chief/foremost). Genitive Tatpurusha of Sugrīva-sainya, then Bahuvrihi with pramukha. Here referring to specific horses, with Sugriva being one of them, and chief.
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sugrīva+sainya+pramukha)
- sugrīva – Sugrīva (name of one of Krishna's horses; also a monkey king)
proper noun (masculine) - sainya – army, host, group
noun (neuter)
Derived from 'senā' (army). - pramukha – chief, foremost, principal, headed by
adjective (masculine)
Derived from root 'mukh' (to move) with prefix 'pra-'.
Prefix: pra
Note: Instrumental plural, modifying 'varāśvaiḥ'.
वराश्वैः (varāśvaiḥ) - with excellent horses (by excellent horses)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of varāśva
varāśva - excellent horse, best horse
Compound of 'vara' (excellent) and 'aśva' (horse).
Compound type : karmadhāraya (vara+aśva)
- vara – excellent, best, boon
adjective (masculine)
Root: vṛ (class 1) - aśva – horse
noun (masculine)
Note: Instrumental plural of 'varāśva'.
मनोजवैः (manojavaiḥ) - swift as thought (swift as thought, having the speed of mind)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of manojavā
manojavā - swift as thought, having the speed of mind
Bahuvrihi compound: manasaḥ iva javaḥ yasya saḥ (one whose speed is like that of the mind). 'manas' (mind) + 'java' (speed).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (manas+java)
- manas – mind, intellect, thought
noun (neuter)
Root: man (class 4) - java – speed, swiftness
noun (masculine)
Derived from root 'jū' (to be quick).
Root: jū (class 1)
Note: Instrumental plural, modifying 'varāśvaiḥ'.
काञ्चनभूषिताङ्गैः (kāñcanabhūṣitāṅgaiḥ) - adorned with golden ornaments on their bodies (whose limbs/bodies are adorned with gold)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of kāñcanabhūṣitāṅga
kāñcanabhūṣitāṅga - whose parts are adorned with gold
Bahuvrihi compound: kāñcanena bhūṣitāni aṅgāni yeṣām te (those whose parts are adorned with gold).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāñcana+bhūṣita+aṅga)
- kāñcana – gold, golden
noun (neuter) - bhūṣita – adorned, decorated, ornamented
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'bhūṣ' (to adorn).
Root: bhūṣ (class 10) - aṅga – limb, body part
noun (neuter)
Note: Instrumental plural, modifying 'varāśvaiḥ'.
सुयुक्तम् (suyuktam) - well-prepared (the chariot) (well-prepared, well-yoked, well-appointed)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of suyukta
suyukta - well-prepared, well-yoked, well-appointed, proper
Past Passive Participle
Compound of 'su-' (well) and 'yukta' (joined, yoked, prepared). 'yukta' is PPP of root 'yuj'.
Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+yukta)
- su – good, well, excellent
prefix - yukta – yoked, joined, connected, prepared, engaged
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'yuj' (to yoke, join, connect).
Root: yuj (class 7)
Note: Accusative singular masculine, Past Passive Participle, modifying 'rathottamam' (implied).
आवेदयत् (āvedayat) - reported (reported, announced, informed)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of āveday
Causative of 'vid' (to know) with prefix 'ā-'. Verb root 'vid' in 10th class or causative stem of 'vid'.
Prefix: ā
Root: vid (class 10)
Note: Imperfect third person singular active of the causative root ā-vid.
अच्युताय (acyutāya) - to Acyuta (Krishna) (to Acyuta (Vishnu/Krishna))
(proper noun)
Dative, masculine, singular of acyuta
acyuta - Acyuta (an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna, meaning 'the infallible' or 'unfallen')
Compound of 'a-' (not) and 'cyuta' (fallen).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+cyuta)
- a – not, un-
prefix - cyuta – fallen, deviated
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'cyu' (to fall, move from).
Root: cyu (class 1)
Note: Dative singular of 'acyuta'.
कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (with folded hands, having made an añjali (reverential gesture))
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtāñjali
kṛtāñjali - with folded hands, having made an añjali
Bahuvrihi compound: kṛtaḥ añjaliḥ yena saḥ (one by whom an añjali is made). 'kṛta' (made) + 'añjali' (folded hands, gesture of reverence).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+añjali)
- kṛta – done, made, performed
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, make).
Root: kṛ (class 8) - añjali – folded hands, reverential gesture
noun (masculine)
Note: Nominative singular masculine, modifying 'dārukaḥ'.
दारुकः (dārukaḥ) - Daruka (Daruka (Krishna's charioteer))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dāruka
dāruka - Daruka (name of Krishna's charioteer)
Note: Nominative singular of 'dāruka'.
राजसिम्हः (rājasimhaḥ) - lion among kings (lion among kings, best of kings)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājasimha
rājasimha - lion among kings, best of kings
Tatpurusha compound: rājā eva simhaḥ (king who is a lion).
Compound type : karmadhāraya (rājan+siṃha)
- rājan – king, ruler
noun (masculine) - siṃha – lion
noun (masculine)
Note: Nominative singular of 'rājasimha', in apposition to 'dārukaḥ'.