महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-46, verse-19

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स हि भूतं च भव्यं च भवच्च पुरुषर्षभ ।
वेत्ति धर्मभृतां श्रेष्ठस्ततो मे तद्गतं मनः ॥१९॥

19. sa hi bhūtaṁ ca bhavyaṁ ca bhavacca puruṣarṣabha ,
vetti dharmabhṛtāṁ śreṣṭhastato me tadgataṁ manaḥ.

19. saḥ hi bhūtam ca bhavyam ca bhavat ca puruṣarṣabha
vetti dharmabhṛtām śreṣṭhaḥ tataḥ me tadgatam manaḥ

19. puruṣarṣabha,
hi saḥ bhūtam ca bhavyam ca bhavat ca vetti.
(saḥ) dharmabhṛtām śreṣṭhaḥ.
tataḥ me manaḥ tadgatam.

19. Indeed, O best among men (puruṣarṣabha), he knows the past, the future, and the present. He is the foremost among those who uphold natural law (dharma). Therefore, my mind has gone to him.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

हि (hi) - indeed, for, certainly

भूतम् (bhūtam) - past, what has been

च (ca) - and

भव्यम् (bhavyam) - future, what will be

च (ca) - and

भवत् (bhavat) - present, what is existing

च (ca) - and

पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best among men

वेत्ति (vetti) - he knows

धर्मभृताम् (dharmabhṛtām) - of those who uphold natural law (dharma)

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, foremost, most excellent

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefore, from that

मे (me) - my, to me

तद्गतम् (tadgatam) - gone to him, directed towards him

मनः (manaḥ) - mind

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Subject of vetti.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, certainly

(indeclinable)

भूतम् (bhūtam) - past, what has been

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhūta

bhūta - past, what has been, an entity, a being

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √bhū (to be, become). Used here as a noun.

Root: √bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of vetti.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects bhūtam and bhavyam.

भव्यम् (bhavyam) - future, what will be

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhavya

bhavya - future, what will be, auspicious, good

Gerundive

Derived from √bhū (to be, become), meaning 'that which is to be'. Used here as a noun.

Root: √bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of vetti.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects bhavyam and bhavat.

भवत् (bhavat) - present, what is existing

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhavat

bhavat - present, existing, being

Present Active Participle

Derived from √bhū (to be, become). Used here as a noun.

Root: √bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of vetti.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects bhavat with the previous items.

पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best among men

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

puruṣa – man, person, male, human being, the cosmic person (puruṣa)
noun (masculine)
ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best
noun (masculine)

Note: A respectful address to the listener, likely Arjuna.

वेत्ति (vetti) - he knows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vid

Root: √vid (class 2)

धर्मभृताम् (dharmabhṛtām) - of those who uphold natural law (dharma)

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+bhṛt)

dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
noun (masculine)
From √dhṛ (to hold, support)
Root: √dhṛ (class 1)
bhṛt – bearing, carrying, supporting, upholding (agent noun from √bhṛ)
adjective (masculine)
From √bhṛ (to bear, support)
Root: √bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Dependent on śreṣṭhaḥ.

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, foremost, most excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief, principal

Superlative degree of praśasya (praiseworthy).

Note: Predicate adjective for the implied 'he' (saḥ).

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates a consequence.

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)