महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-46, verse-12

यस्य ज्यातलनिर्घोषं विस्फूर्जितमिवाशनेः ।
न सहेद्देवराजोऽपि तमस्मि मनसा गतः ॥१२॥

12. yasya jyātalanirghoṣaṁ visphūrjitamivāśaneḥ ,
na saheddevarājo'pi tamasmi manasā gataḥ.

12. yasya jyātalnirghoṣam visphūrjitam iva aśaneḥ
na sahet devarājaḥ api tam asmi manasā gataḥ

12. yasya aśaneḥ visphūrjitam iva jyātalnirghoṣam
devarājaḥ api na sahet tam manasā gataḥ asmi

12. My mind has gone to him whose sound of bowstring and palm-guard, like the rumble of a thunderbolt, even the king of gods (Indra) would not endure.

Words meanings summery:

• यस्य (yasya) - Refers to Bhishma. (whose, of whom)

• ज्यातल्निर्घोषम् (jyātalnirghoṣam) - The formidable sound made by a warrior like Bhishma during battle. (the sound of the bowstring and palm-guard)

• विस्फूर्जितम् (visphūrjitam) - The loud, terrifying sound likened to a thunderbolt. (rumble, roar, loud sound)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अशनेः (aśaneḥ) - of a thunderbolt, of lightning

• न (na) - not, no

• सहेत् (sahet) - Optative mood expressing possibility or a hypothetical situation. (would endure, would tolerate)

• देवराजः (devarājaḥ) - king of gods, Indra

• अपि (api) - Emphasizes that *even* Indra would not endure. (even, also)

• तम् (tam) - Refers to Bhishma. (him, that)

• अस्मि (asmi) - First person singular verb. (I am)

• मनसा (manasā) - Indicating the means or instrument by which the mind has gone. (by the mind, with the mind)

• गतः (gataḥ) - I have gone (mentally) to him. (gone, reached)

Words meanings and morphology

यस्य (yasya) - Refers to Bhishma. (whose, of whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

ज्यातल्निर्घोषम् (jyātalnirghoṣam) - The formidable sound made by a warrior like Bhishma during battle. (the sound of the bowstring and palm-guard)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jyātalnirghoṣa

jyātalnirghoṣa - sound of bowstring and palm-guard (thumb protector)

Tatpurusha compound (jyā + tala + nirghoṣa). 'tala' here refers to the palm of the hand or a protector for it.

Compound type : Tatpurusha (jyā+tala+nirghoṣa)

• jyā – bowstring
  noun (feminine)
• tala – palm (of hand), surface, flat hand-guard (for archery)
  noun (masculine)
• nirghoṣa – sound, roar, loud noise
  noun (masculine)
  From root ghuṣ (to sound) with prefix nir- (out)
  Prefix: nir
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

Note: It qualifies 'visphūrjitam', hence neuter accusative here.

विस्फूर्जितम् (visphūrjitam) - The loud, terrifying sound likened to a thunderbolt. (rumble, roar, loud sound)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of visphūrjita

visphūrjita - rumbling, roaring, flashing (as lightning)

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From root sphūrj (to rumble, flash) with prefix vi- (apart, asunder).

Prefix: vi

Root: sphūrj (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अशनेः (aśaneḥ) - of a thunderbolt, of lightning

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of aśani

aśani - thunderbolt, lightning

i-stem noun

Root: aś (class 5)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सहेत् (sahet) - Optative mood expressing possibility or a hypothetical situation. (would endure, would tolerate)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of sah

Optative mood

3rd person singular active optative

Root: sah (class 1)

देवराजः (devarājaḥ) - king of gods, Indra

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of devarāja

devarāja - king of gods, Indra

Tatpurusha compound (deva + rāja)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (deva+rāja)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

अपि (api) - Emphasizes that *even* Indra would not endure. (even, also)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - Refers to Bhishma. (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, him

अस्मि (asmi) - First person singular verb. (I am)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present tense

1st person singular active present indicative

Root: as (class 2)

मनसा (manasā) - Indicating the means or instrument by which the mind has gone. (by the mind, with the mind)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, understanding

s-stem noun

Root: man (class 4)

गतः (gataḥ) - I have gone (mentally) to him. (gone, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, reached, departed

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective with 'asmi', used actively in sense 'I have gone'.