महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-3, verse-8

संदश्यमानोऽपि तथा कृमिणा तेन भारत ।
गुरुप्रबोधशङ्की च तमुपैक्षत सूतजः ॥८॥

8. saṁdaśyamāno'pi tathā kṛmiṇā tena bhārata ,
guruprabodhaśaṅkī ca tamupaikṣata sūtajaḥ.

8. saṃdaśyamānaḥ api tathā kṛmiṇā tena bhārata
guruprabodhaśaṅkī ca tam upaikṣata sūtajaḥ

8. bhārata tena kṛmiṇā tathā saṃdaśyamānaḥ api
ca guruprabodhaśaṅkī sūtajaḥ tam upaikṣata

8. O Bhārata, even though he was being bitten in that manner by that worm, the son of the charioteer (Karna), being fearful of waking his preceptor (guru), disregarded it.

Words meanings summery:

• संदश्यमानः (saṁdaśyamānaḥ) - being continuously bitten (being bitten, being stung)

• अपि (api) - even though, although (even, also, too, although)

• तथा (tathā) - in that manner (of continuous biting) (thus, so, in that manner)

• कृमिणा (kṛmiṇā) - by that worm (mentioned in the previous verse) (by a worm, by an insect)

• तेन (tena) - by that (worm) (by that, by him)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (common address in Mahābhārata) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

• गुरुप्रबोधशङ्की (guruprabodhaśaṅkī) - fearful of waking the preceptor

• च (ca) - and, (connecting the two reasons for his action) (and, also)

• तम् (tam) - him (the worm) (him, that)

• उपैक्षत (upaikṣata) - he (Karna) disregarded (the pain from the worm) (he disregarded, neglected, tolerated)

• सूतजः (sūtajaḥ) - Karna (being the son of Adhiratha, a charioteer) (son of a charioteer, charioteer's son)

Words meanings and morphology

संदश्यमानः (saṁdaśyamānaḥ) - being continuously bitten (being bitten, being stung)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃdaśyamāna

saṁdaśyamāna - being bitten, stung

present passive participle

Derived from root daś (to bite) with upasarga sam (together, completely). Passive voice, present participle.

Prefix: sam

Root: daś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Karna (implied subject).

अपि (api) - even though, although (even, also, too, although)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the concession.

तथा (tathā) - in that manner (of continuous biting) (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of manner.

कृमिणा (kṛmiṇā) - by that worm (mentioned in the previous verse) (by a worm, by an insect)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṛmi

kṛmi - worm, insect, vermin

Note: Agent of the passive participle saṃdaśyamānaḥ.

तेन (tena) - by that (worm) (by that, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to kṛmiṇā.

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (common address in Mahābhārata) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, related to Bharata, Indian

Note: Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

गुरुप्रबोधशङ्की (guruprabodhaśaṅkī) - fearful of waking the preceptor

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guruprabodhaśaṅkin

guruprabodhaśaṅkin - fearful of waking the preceptor

Compound adjective.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guru+prabodha+śaṅkin)

• guru – preceptor, teacher
  noun (masculine)
• prabodha – waking, awakening, knowledge
  noun (masculine)
  From root budh (to wake) with pra.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: budh (class 1)
• śaṅkin – fearful, apprehensive
  adjective (masculine)
  From root śaṅk (to doubt, fear).
  Root: śaṅk (class 1)

Note: Qualifies sūtajaḥ.

च (ca) - and, (connecting the two reasons for his action) (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the attributive guruprabodhaśaṅkī to the main verb upaikṣata.

तम् (tam) - him (the worm) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of upaikṣata, refers to the worm.

उपैक्षत (upaikṣata) - he (Karna) disregarded (the pain from the worm) (he disregarded, neglected, tolerated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (Laṅ) of upa-īkṣ

imperfect middle

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice. From root īkṣ (to see) with upasarga upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject is sūtajaḥ.

सूतजः (sūtajaḥ) - Karna (being the son of Adhiratha, a charioteer) (son of a charioteer, charioteer's son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūtaja

sūtaja - charioteer's son, born of a charioteer

Compound noun, literally 'born of a sūta'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūta+ja)

• sūta – charioteer, bard
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix -ja indicating 'born from'.
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of upaikṣata.