महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-186, verse-9

अतिथीनां च सर्वेषां प्रेष्याणां स्वजनस्य च ।
सामान्यं भोजनं भृत्यैः पुरुषस्य प्रशस्यते ॥९॥

9. atithīnāṁ ca sarveṣāṁ preṣyāṇāṁ svajanasya ca ,
sāmānyaṁ bhojanaṁ bhṛtyaiḥ puruṣasya praśasyate.

9. atithīnām ca sarveṣām preṣyāṇām svajanasya ca
sāmānyam bhojanam bhṛtyaiḥ puruṣasya praśasyate

9. sāmānyam bhojanam atithīnām ca sarveṣām preṣyāṇām
svajanasya ca bhṛtyaiḥ puruṣasya praśasyate

9. The sharing of a common meal (bhojanam) by a man (puruṣa) with his servants, intended for all guests, dependents, and his own relatives, is commended.

Words meanings summery:

• अतिथीनाम् (atithīnām) - of guests (of guests, of those without a fixed date)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

• प्रेष्याणाम् (preṣyāṇām) - of dependents (of dependents, of servants, of those sent)

• स्वजनस्य (svajanasya) - of one's own relatives (of one's own people, of one's relatives)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सामान्यम् (sāmānyam) - common (common, shared, general, ordinary)

• भोजनम् (bhojanam) - meal (bhojanam) (food, meal, eating)

• भृत्यैः (bhṛtyaiḥ) - with servants (by servants, with servants)

• पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a man (puruṣa) (of a man, of a person, of the cosmic person (puruṣa))

• प्रशस्यते (praśasyate) - is commended (is praised, is commended, is lauded)

Words meanings and morphology

अतिथीनाम् (atithīnām) - of guests (of guests, of those without a fixed date)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of atithi

atithi - guest, one who comes without a fixed date

Compound of 'a' (not) + 'tithi' (date)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with atithīnām and preṣyāṇām.

प्रेष्याणाम् (preṣyāṇām) - of dependents (of dependents, of servants, of those sent)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of preṣya

preṣya - servant, attendant, dependent, one who is sent

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle of pra-iṣ

From root iṣ (to send) with upasarga pra- (forth)

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 4)

स्वजनस्य (svajanasya) - of one's own relatives (of one's own people, of one's relatives)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of svajana

svajana - one's own people, relatives, kinsfolk

Compound of sva (own) + jana (person, people)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+jana)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun
• jana – person, people, creature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

सामान्यम् (sāmānyam) - common (common, shared, general, ordinary)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sāmānya

sāmānya - common, universal, shared, general, ordinary

From samāna (equal) with suffix -ya.

Note: Agrees with bhojanam.

भोजनम् (bhojanam) - meal (bhojanam) (food, meal, eating)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhojana

bhojana - food, meal, eating

Root bhuj + ana (kṛtya suffix)

From root bhuj (to eat, enjoy).

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Subject of the passive verb praśasyate.

भृत्यैः (bhṛtyaiḥ) - with servants (by servants, with servants)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhṛtya

bhṛtya - servant, hired person, dependent, to be supported

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle of bhṛ

From root bhṛ (to bear, support)

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Implies the agent or company for the action.

पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a man (puruṣa) (of a man, of a person, of the cosmic person (puruṣa))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, human being, the Supreme Being, the cosmic person

Note: Indicates for whom the praise is.

प्रशस्यते (praśasyate) - is commended (is praised, is commended, is lauded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of śas

Present tense, passive voice, 3rd person singular

From root śas (to praise) with upasarga pra- (intensifying). Passive voice formation.

Prefix: pra

Root: śas (class 2)