महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-186, verse-3

पुरीषं यदि वा मूत्रं ये न कुर्वन्ति मानवाः ।
राजमार्गे गवां मध्ये धान्यमध्ये च ते शुभाः ॥३॥

3. purīṣaṁ yadi vā mūtraṁ ye na kurvanti mānavāḥ ,
rājamārge gavāṁ madhye dhānyamadhye ca te śubhāḥ.

3. purīṣam yadi vā mūtram ye na kurvanti mānavāḥ
rājamārge gavām madhye dhānyamadhye ca te śubhāḥ

3. ye mānavāḥ rājamārge,
gavām madhye,
ca dhānyamadhye purīṣam yadi vā mūtram na kurvanti,
te śubhāḥ.

3. Those people who do not pass stool or urine on the main road, among cows, or amidst grains, are considered pure.

Words meanings summery:

• पुरीषम् (purīṣam) - feces (feces, excrement, rubbish)

• यदि (yadi) - if (if, in case)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• मूत्रम् (mūtram) - urine

• ये (ye) - who (who, those who)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - they pass/discharge (feces/urine) (they do, they make, they perform)

• मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - people (humans, people, descendants of Manu)

• राजमार्गे (rājamārge) - on the main road (on the highway, on the royal road, on the main road)

• गवाम् (gavām) - of cows (of cows, of cattle)

• मध्ये (madhye) - among (in the middle, among, between)

• धान्यमध्ये (dhānyamadhye) - amidst grains (in the middle of grains, amidst corn/rice)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• ते (te) - those (people) (those)

• शुभाः (śubhāḥ) - pure (auspicious, pure, good, handsome)

Words meanings and morphology

पुरीषम् (purīṣam) - feces (feces, excrement, rubbish)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of purīṣa

purīṣa - feces, excrement, dirt, rubbish

Note: Object of kurvanti.

यदि (yadi) - if (if, in case)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

मूत्रम् (mūtram) - urine

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mūtra

mūtra - urine

From root mūtr (to urinate)

Root: mūtr (class 10)

Note: Object of kurvanti.

ये (ye) - who (who, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Relative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the clause.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - they pass/discharge (feces/urine) (they do, they make, they perform)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present Active

3rd person plural present active of root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - people (humans, people, descendants of Manu)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mānava

mānava - human, man, descendant of Manu

Derived from manu (man, Manu)

Note: Subject of kurvanti.

राजमार्गे (rājamārge) - on the main road (on the highway, on the royal road, on the main road)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rājamārga

rājamārga - highway, royal road, main road

Compound rājan (king) + mārga (road)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (rājan+mārga)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj
• mārga – path, road, way
  noun (masculine)
  From root mṛj (to cleanse, wipe)
  Root: mṛj (class 2)

Note: Denotes location.

गवाम् (gavām) - of cows (of cows, of cattle)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light

Note: Possessive/relational genitive for madhye.

मध्ये (madhye) - among (in the middle, among, between)

(indeclinable)

धान्यमध्ये (dhānyamadhye) - amidst grains (in the middle of grains, amidst corn/rice)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dhānyamadhya

dhānyamadhya - middle of grain, amidst grains

Compound dhānya (grain) + madhya (middle)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (dhānya+madhya)

• dhānya – grain, corn, rice
  noun (neuter)
  From root dhā (to place, hold), meaning 'that which is held/preserved'
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• madhya – middle, central, in the middle of, among
  noun/adjective (neuter)

Note: Denotes location.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

ते (te) - those (people) (those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers back to ye mānavāḥ.

शुभाः (śubhāḥ) - pure (auspicious, pure, good, handsome)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śubha

śubha - auspicious, pure, good, handsome, beautiful

From root śubh (to shine, be beautiful)

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for te.