महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-186, verse-6

पञ्चार्द्रो भोजनं कुर्यात्प्राङ्मुखो मौनमास्थितः ।
न निन्देदन्नभक्ष्यांश्च स्वाद्वस्वादु च भक्षयेत् ॥६॥

6. pañcārdro bhojanaṁ kuryātprāṅmukho maunamāsthitaḥ ,
na nindedannabhakṣyāṁśca svādvasvādu ca bhakṣayet.

6. pañcārdraḥ bhojanam kuryāt prāṅmukhaḥ maunam āsthitaḥ
| na ninded annabhakṣyān ca svādu asvādu ca bhakṣayet

6. pañcārdraḥ prāṅmukhaḥ maunam āsthitaḥ (san) bhojanam kuryāt
annabhakṣyān ca na ninded svādu ca asvādu ca bhakṣayet

6. One should eat while maintaining five points of cleanliness, facing east, and remaining silent. One should not criticize food or edibles, but should consume both the tasty and the untasty.

Words meanings summery:

• पञ्चार्द्रः (pañcārdraḥ) - one whose five parts (two hands, two feet, and mouth) are wet/clean, signifying ritual purity before eating (with five moist parts)

• भोजनम् (bhojanam) - food, eating, meal

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - one should do, one should make, one should perform

• प्राङ्मुखः (prāṅmukhaḥ) - facing east

• मौनम् (maunam) - silence

• आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - remaining in a state of, observing (silence) (situated, being in, observing)

• न (na) - not, no

• निन्देद् (ninded) - one should criticize, one should blame

• अन्नभक्ष्यान् (annabhakṣyān) - cooked food and other edible items (food and edibles)

• च (ca) - and, also

• स्वादु (svādu) - tasty, delicious

• अस्वादु (asvādu) - untasty, not delicious

• च (ca) - and, also

• भक्षयेत् (bhakṣayet) - one should eat, one should consume

Words meanings and morphology

पञ्चार्द्रः (pañcārdraḥ) - one whose five parts (two hands, two feet, and mouth) are wet/clean, signifying ritual purity before eating (with five moist parts)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pañcārdra

pañcārdra - having five moist parts

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pañca+ārdra)

• pañca – five
  numeral
• ārdra – moist, wet
  adjective (masculine)

भोजनम् (bhojanam) - food, eating, meal

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhojana

bhojana - food, meal, eating

Action noun

From root 'bhuj' (to eat, to enjoy) + '-ana' (action/instrument suffix)

Root: bhuj (class 7)

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - one should do, one should make, one should perform

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Optative Active

3rd person singular optative active, parasmaipada

Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्राङ्मुखः (prāṅmukhaḥ) - facing east

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāṅmukha

prāṅmukha - east-facing, having one's face turned to the east

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prāñc+mukha)

• prāñc – eastern, facing forward
  adjective (masculine)
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

मौनम् (maunam) - silence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mauna

mauna - silence, taciturnity

From 'muni' (sage) + '-a' (nominal suffix), meaning 'state of a muni'

आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - remaining in a state of, observing (silence) (situated, being in, observing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āsthita

sthā - to stand, to remain, to be in a state

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sthā' with upasarga 'ā', past passive participle, nominative singular masculine

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

निन्देद् (ninded) - one should criticize, one should blame

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of nind

Optative Active

3rd person singular optative active, parasmaipada

Root: nind (class 1)

अन्नभक्ष्यान् (annabhakṣyān) - cooked food and other edible items (food and edibles)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of annabhakṣya

annabhakṣya - food and edibles

Compound type : dvandva (anna+bhakṣya)

• anna – food (especially cooked rice), grain
  noun (neuter)
  Past passive participle of root 'ad' (to eat) as a noun
  Root: ad (class 2)
• bhakṣya – edible, food, what is to be eaten
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root 'bhakṣ' (to eat) + '-ya' (gerundive suffix)
  Root: bhakṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

स्वादु (svādu) - tasty, delicious

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svādu

svādu - tasty, sweet, delicious, pleasant

अस्वादु (asvādu) - untasty, not delicious

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of asvādu

asvādu - untasty, not delicious, disagreeable

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+svādu)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• svādu – tasty, sweet, delicious
  adjective (neuter)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भक्षयेत् (bhakṣayet) - one should eat, one should consume

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhakṣ

Optative Active

3rd person singular optative active, parasmaipada

Root: bhakṣ (class 1)