महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-186, verse-11

होमकाले तथा जुह्वन्नृतुकाले तथा व्रजन् ।
अनन्यस्त्रीजनः प्राज्ञो ब्रह्मचारी तथा भवेत् ॥११॥

11. homakāle tathā juhvannṛtukāle tathā vrajan ,
ananyastrījanaḥ prājño brahmacārī tathā bhavet.

11. homakāle tathā juhvan ṛtukāle tathā vrajan
ananyastrījanaḥ prājñaḥ brahmacārī tathā bhavet

11. prājñaḥ ananyastrījanaḥ homakāle tathā juhvan
ṛtukāle tathā vrajan tathā brahmacārī bhavet

11. Thus, a wise man, faithful to his own wife, should be a celibate (brahmacārī) when performing oblations at the time of a fire ritual (homa) and when approaching (his wife) at the appropriate season.

Words meanings summery:

• होमकाले (homakāle) - at the time of a fire ritual (homa)

• तथा (tathā) - and (also) (thus, so, and, also)

• जुह्वन् (juhvan) - performing oblations (offering, performing sacrifice)

• ऋतुकाले (ṛtukāle) - at the appropriate season (for procreation) (at the proper season, at the time of menses)

• तथा (tathā) - and (also) (thus, so, and, also)

• व्रजन् (vrajan) - approaching (his wife) (going, approaching, moving)

• अनन्यस्त्रीजनः (ananyastrījanaḥ) - faithful to his own wife (having no other women, faithful to one's wife, chaste)

• प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - wise (wise, intelligent, knowing)

• ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - a celibate (brahmacārī), particularly one who observes marital fidelity (a celibate, one observing celibacy (brahmacarya), a student of the Vedas)

• तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, and, also)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be (should be, may be, would be, becomes)

Words meanings and morphology

होमकाले (homakāle) - at the time of a fire ritual (homa)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of homakāla

homakāla - time of sacrifice, time for oblation

Compound of homa (oblation) + kāla (time)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (homa+kāla)

• homa – oblation, fire sacrifice, offering
  noun (masculine)
  From root hu (to offer)
  Root: hu (class 3)
• kāla – time, season, period
  noun (masculine)

तथा (tathā) - and (also) (thus, so, and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects two clauses or actions.

जुह्वन् (juhvan) - performing oblations (offering, performing sacrifice)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of juhvat

juhvat - offering, sacrificing, performing oblation

Present Active Participle

From root hu (to offer) in the reduplicated class 3, present stem juhoti.

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Refers to the implicit subject (the wise man).

ऋतुकाले (ṛtukāle) - at the appropriate season (for procreation) (at the proper season, at the time of menses)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ṛtukāla

ṛtukāla - proper season, auspicious time, time of menses (for marital duty)

Compound of ṛtu (season, menses) + kāla (time)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ṛtu+kāla)

• ṛtu – season, proper time, menses
  noun (masculine)
• kāla – time, season, period
  noun (masculine)

तथा (tathā) - and (also) (thus, so, and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects two clauses or actions.

व्रजन् (vrajan) - approaching (his wife) (going, approaching, moving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vrajat

vrajat - going, moving, proceeding, approaching

Present Active Participle

From root vraj (to go, move).

Root: vraj (class 1)

अनन्यस्त्रीजनः (ananyastrījanaḥ) - faithful to his own wife (having no other women, faithful to one's wife, chaste)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ananyastrījana

ananyastrījana - having no other women, faithful to one's own wife, chaste (in relation to other women)

Bahuvrihi compound: 'ananyā strījanaḥ yasya saḥ' (he whose women are not other)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ananya+strī+jana)

• ananya – not other, unique, exclusive
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of a (not) + anya (other)
• strī – woman, wife
  noun (feminine)
• jana – person, people
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with the implicit subject (man).

प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - wise (wise, intelligent, knowing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prājña

prājña - wise, intelligent, learned, knowing, discerning

From pra-jñā (to know)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with the implicit subject (man).

ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - a celibate (brahmacārī), particularly one who observes marital fidelity (a celibate, one observing celibacy (brahmacarya), a student of the Vedas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmacārin

brahmacārin - one who observes celibacy (brahmacarya), a religious student, an ascetic, chaste

Agent noun from brahmacarya + in suffix

From brahman (Veda/spiritual truth) + cārin (practitioner, follower)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+cārin)

• brahman – Veda, sacred knowledge, spiritual truth, ultimate reality (brahman)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bṛh (class 1)
• cārin – moving, going, practicing, performing, following
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun suffix -in
  From root car (to move, to practice)
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Predicate noun for the implicit subject.

तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects to the verb 'bhavet', meaning 'in this way' or 'therefore'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be (should be, may be, would be, becomes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative mood, active voice, 3rd person singular

From root bhū, 1st class, optative active.

Root: bhū (class 1)