महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-186, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
आचारस्य विधिं तात प्रोच्यमानं त्वयानघ ।
श्रोतुमिच्छामि धर्मज्ञ सर्वज्ञो ह्यसि मे मतः ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
ācārasya vidhiṁ tāta procyamānaṁ tvayānagha ,
śrotumicchāmi dharmajña sarvajño hyasi me mataḥ.

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ācārasya vidhim tāta procyamānam tvayā
anagha śrotum icchāmi dharmajña sarvajñaḥ hi asi me mataḥ

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca tāta anagha,
tvayā procyamānam ācārasya vidhim śrotum icchāmi.
dharmajña,
hi tvam me mataḥ sarvajñaḥ asi.

1. Yudhiṣṭhira said: 'O dear one, O sinless one, I wish to hear the rules of proper conduct being explained by you. For you are, in my opinion, all-knowing and a knower of natural law (dharma).'

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of a king)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• आचारस्य (ācārasya) - of proper conduct (of conduct, of custom, of proper behavior)

• विधिम् (vidhim) - rule (rule, method, ordinance, injunction)

• तात (tāta) - O dear one (O dear one, O father, O child)

• प्रोच्यमानम् (procyamānam) - being explained (being spoken, being explained, being declared)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one (O sinless one, O faultless one)

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear (to hear, in order to hear)

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish (I wish, I desire)

• धर्मज्ञ (dharmajña) - O knower of natural law (dharma) (O knower of natural law (dharma), O righteous one)

• सर्वज्ञः (sarvajñaḥ) - all-knowing (all-knowing, omniscient)

• हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, for, because)

• असि (asi) - you are

• मे (me) - in my opinion (by me, to me, my)

• मतः (mataḥ) - considered, in my opinion (considered, thought, opined)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of a king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - steady in battle, Yudhiṣṭhira

Compound 'yudhi-ṣṭhira' (steady in battle)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – steady, firm, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  from root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular perfect active of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

आचारस्य (ācārasya) - of proper conduct (of conduct, of custom, of proper behavior)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ācāra

ācāra - conduct, custom, proper behavior, tradition

From ā-car (to behave, practice)

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

विधिम् (vidhim) - rule (rule, method, ordinance, injunction)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, method, ordinance, injunction, fate, creator

from vi-dhā (to ordain, arrange)

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Object of śrotum icchāmi.

तात (tāta) - O dear one (O dear one, O father, O child)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, child (vocative term of endearment)

Note: Used by a son to address his father or a respected elder.

प्रोच्यमानम् (procyamānam) - being explained (being spoken, being explained, being declared)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of procyamāna

procyamāna - being spoken, being explained

Present Passive Participle

From pra-vac (to speak, declare)

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of tvam

tvam - you

Note: Agent of the passive participle procyamānam.

अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one (O sinless one, O faultless one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha

anagha - sinless, faultless, pure

a (not) + agha (sin, fault)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+agha)

• a – not, un-
  prefix
  Negative particle.
• agha – sin, fault, evil, distress
  noun (neuter/masculine)
  Root: agh

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear (to hear, in order to hear)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

from root śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish (I wish, I desire)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Present Active

1st person singular present active of root iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

धर्मज्ञ (dharmajña) - O knower of natural law (dharma) (O knower of natural law (dharma), O righteous one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knower of dharma, righteous, virtuous

Compound dharma + jña (knower)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knowing, knower
  adjective (masculine)
  from root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

सर्वज्ञः (sarvajñaḥ) - all-knowing (all-knowing, omniscient)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvajña

sarvajña - all-knowing, omniscient

Compound sarva (all) + jña (knower)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sarva+jña)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun/adjective (masculine)
• jña – knowing, knower
  adjective (masculine)
  from root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Predicate adjective for asi.

हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Particle

Note: Emphatic/causal particle.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active

2nd person singular present active of root as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Copula verb.

मे (me) - in my opinion (by me, to me, my)

(pronoun)

singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Enclitic form, here used adverbially or as agent of mataḥ.

मतः (mataḥ) - considered, in my opinion (considered, thought, opined)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mata

mata - considered, thought, agreed upon, opinion

Past Passive Participle

from root man (to think, believe)

Root: man (class 4)