महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-98, verse-20

सोऽनुस्रोतस्तदा राजन्प्लवमान ऋषिस्ततः ।
जगाम सुबहून्देशानन्धस्तेनोडुपेन ह ॥२०॥

20. so'nusrotastadā rājanplavamāna ṛṣistataḥ ,
jagāma subahūndeśānandhastenoḍupena ha.

20. saḥ anusrotas tadā rājan plavamānaḥ ṛṣiḥ tataḥ
jagāma subahūn deśān andhaḥ tena oḍupena ha

20. O King, then that blind sage, drifting along with the current on that raft (oḍupa), indeed traveled to many lands.

20. הו מלך, אותו חוזה עיוור צף אז עם הזרם על אותה רפסודה, והגיע לארצות רבות מאוד.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अनुस्रोतस् (anusrotas) - along the stream/current

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• प्लवमानः (plavamānaḥ) - floating, swimming, drifting

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage, seer, ascetic

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, thereupon

• जगाम (jagāma) - he went, he traveled

• सुबहून् (subahūn) - very many, numerous

• देशान् (deśān) - lands, countries, regions

• अन्धः (andhaḥ) - blind

• तेन (tena) - by that, by him, with that

• ओडुपेन (oḍupena) - by that raft/boat (by a raft, by a float)

• ह (ha) - indeed, surely (an emphatic particle)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Refers to the sage.

अनुस्रोतस् (anusrotas) - along the stream/current

(indeclinable)

Adverbial compound (avyayībhāva) formed from anu (along) and srotas (stream).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (anu+srotas)

• anu – after, along, according to
  indeclinable
• srotas – stream, current, flow
  noun (neuter)
  From root √sru (to flow).
  Root: sru (class 1)

Note: Acts as an adverb modifying the action of floating.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Formed from pronoun stem tad + suffix -dā.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

N-stem noun.

Root: rāj

Note: Addressed to the listener/reader.

प्लवमानः (plavamānaḥ) - floating, swimming, drifting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of plavamāna

plavamāna - floating, swimming, drifting

Present Middle Participle

From root √plu (to float, swim) with present middle participle suffix -māna.

Root: plu (class 1)

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage, seer, ascetic

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

I-stem noun.

Root: ṛṣ

Note: Subject of the sentence.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, thereupon

(indeclinable)

जगाम (jagāma) - he went, he traveled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of gam

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

From root √gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

सुबहून् (subahūn) - very many, numerous

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of subahu

subahu - very many, very much, numerous

Compound formed from su- (good, intense) and bahu (many).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (su+bahu)

• su – good, well, excellent, very
  indeclinable
• bahu – many, much, numerous
  adjective (masculine)
  U-stem adjective.

Note: Qualifies 'deśān'.

देशान् (deśān) - lands, countries, regions

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of deśa

deśa - place, country, region, direction

Root: diś

Note: Object of the verb 'jagāma'.

अन्धः (andhaḥ) - blind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of andha

andha - blind, dark

Root: andh

Note: Qualifies 'ṛṣiḥ' (the sage).

तेन (tena) - by that, by him, with that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, it

Note: Qualifies 'oḍupena'.

ओडुपेन (oḍupena) - by that raft/boat (by a raft, by a float)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of oḍupa

oḍupa - a float, raft, small boat

Note: Indicates the means by which he traveled.

ह (ha) - indeed, surely (an emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

An emphatic or exclamatory particle.

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