महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-224, verse-5

कथं नु सरणेऽशक्तान्पतने च ममात्मजान् ।
संतप्यमाना अभितो वाशमानाभिधावती ॥५॥

5. kathaṁ nu saraṇe'śaktānpatane ca mamātmajān ,
saṁtapyamānā abhito vāśamānābhidhāvatī.

5. kathaṃ nu saraṇe aśaktān patane ca mama ātmajān
saṃtapyamānā abhitaḥ vāśamānā abhidhāvatī

5. How will she run towards my children, lamenting and crying out all around, my children who are helpless both in running and in falling?

Words meanings summery:

• कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what manner, why

• नु (nu) - then, indeed, now, certainly

• सरणे (saraṇe) - in running, in going

• अशक्तान् (aśaktān) - helpless, unable, powerless

• पतने (patane) - in falling, in flying down

• च (ca) - and, also

• मम (mama) - my

• आत्मजान् (ātmajān) - children, offspring

• संतप्यमाना (saṁtapyamānā) - lamenting, grieving, suffering

• अभितः (abhitaḥ) - around, on all sides, near

• वाशमाना (vāśamānā) - crying out, wailing, shrieking

• अभिधावती (abhidhāvatī) - running towards, running after

Words meanings and morphology

कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what manner, why

(indeclinable)

नु (nu) - then, indeed, now, certainly

(indeclinable)

सरणे (saraṇe) - in running, in going

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saraṇa

saraṇa - running, moving, going; flow

Derived from the root sṛ (to run, go).

Root: sṛ (class 1)

अशक्तान् (aśaktān) - helpless, unable, powerless

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśakta

aśakta - unable, incapable, powerless, helpless

Compound: a (negation) + śakta (able).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śakta)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• śakta – able, capable, powerful
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root śak (to be able).
  Root: śak (class 5)

पतने (patane) - in falling, in flying down

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of patana

patana - falling, flying, descending

Derived from the root pat (to fall, fly).

Root: pat (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मम (mama) - my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, my, me, us

आत्मजान् (ātmajān) - children, offspring

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ātmaja

ātmaja - born from oneself; a son, a daughter, offspring, child

Compound: ātman (self) + ja (born).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+ja)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from; progeny
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from the root jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

संतप्यमाना (saṁtapyamānā) - lamenting, grieving, suffering

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saṃtapyamāna

saṁtapyamāna - grieving, lamenting, suffering intensely (present participle of saṃ-tap)

Present Middle Participle

Derived from the root tap (to heat, suffer) with prefix saṃ.

Prefix: sam

Root: tap (class 1)

अभितः (abhitaḥ) - around, on all sides, near

(indeclinable)

वाशमाना (vāśamānā) - crying out, wailing, shrieking

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāśamāna

vāśamāna - crying, wailing, roaring (present participle of vāś)

Present Middle Participle

Derived from the root vāś (to cry out, roar, wail).

Root: vāś (class 1)

अभिधावती (abhidhāvatī) - running towards, running after

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of abhidhāvat

abhidhāvat - running towards, running after (present participle of abhi-dhāv)

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root dhāv (to run) with prefix abhi.

Prefix: abhi

Root: dhāv (class 1)