महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-224, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
मन्दपालोऽपि कौरव्य चिन्तयानः सुतांस्तदा ।
उक्तवानप्यशीतांशुं नैव स स्म न तप्यते ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
mandapālo'pi kauravya cintayānaḥ sutāṁstadā ,
uktavānapyaśītāṁśuṁ naiva sa sma na tapyate.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca | mandapālaḥ api kauravya cintayānaḥ
sutān tadā | uktavān api aśītāṃśum na eva sa sma na tapyate

1. Vaiśaṃpāyana said, "O scion of Kuru (Kauravya), Mandapāla, then contemplating his sons, spoke (his plea). But even the moon (aśītāṃśu) neither remembered (their plight) nor grieved."

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• मन्दपालः (mandapālaḥ) - Mandapāla

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• कौरव्य (kauravya) - O descendant of Kuru, O scion of Kuru

• चिन्तयानः (cintayānaḥ) - thinking, contemplating

• सुतान् (sutān) - sons

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• उक्तवान् (uktavān) - having spoken, he spoke

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• अशीतांशुम् (aśītāṁśum) - the moon (cold-rayed)

• न (na) - not

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even

• स (sa) - referring to the moon (he, that)

• स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense with present verb)

• न (na) - not

• तप्यते (tapyate) - grieves, is distressed, suffers

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, a disciple of Vyāsa

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

मन्दपालः (mandapālaḥ) - Mandapāla

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mandapāla

mandapāla - name of a sage

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

कौरव्य (kauravya) - O descendant of Kuru, O scion of Kuru

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kauravya

kauravya - descendant of Kuru (a king, ancestor of the Kauravas)

चिन्तयानः (cintayānaḥ) - thinking, contemplating

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cint

cint - to think, to consider, to contemplate

denominative from cinta, or root cint (10th class)

Root: cit (class 10)

Note: present middle participle (cintayamāna)

सुतान् (sutān) - sons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of suta

suta - son, child

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

उक्तवान् (uktavān) - having spoken, he spoke

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vac

vac - to speak, to say, to tell

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: past active participle (uktavat)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

अशीतांशुम् (aśītāṁśum) - the moon (cold-rayed)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aśītāṃśu

aśītāṁśu - moon (literally 'cold-rayed')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (aśīta+aṃśu)

• aśīta – not cold
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root śī + a (negative prefix)
  Prefix: a
  Root: śī (class 2)
• aṃśu – ray, beam
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even

(indeclinable)

स (sa) - referring to the moon (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he, she, it

स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense with present verb)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

तप्यते (tapyate) - grieves, is distressed, suffers

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of tap

Root: tap (class 4)