महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-105, verse-8

पूर्वमागस्कृतो गत्वा दशार्णाः समरे जिताः ।
पाण्डुना नरसिंहेन कौरवाणां यशोभृता ॥८॥

8. pūrvamāgaskṛto gatvā daśārṇāḥ samare jitāḥ ,
pāṇḍunā narasiṁhena kauravāṇāṁ yaśobhṛtā.

8. pūrvam āgaskṛtaḥ gatvā daśārṇāḥ samare jitāḥ
pāṇḍunā narasiṃhena kauravāṇām yaśobhṛtā

8. First, having marched against the Daśārṇas who had committed an offense, Pāṇḍu, the lion among men, who brought glory to the Kurus, conquered them in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, first, previously

• आगस्कृतः (āgaskṛtaḥ) - who had committed an offense (referring to Daśārṇas) (having committed an offense, having been wronged)

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, having approached

• दशार्णाः (daśārṇāḥ) - the Daśārṇas (a people/kingdom)

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in conflict

• जिताः (jitāḥ) - conquered, vanquished, victorious

• पाण्डुना (pāṇḍunā) - by Pāṇḍu

• नरसिंहेन (narasiṁhena) - by the lion among men, by the excellent man

• कौरवाणाम् (kauravāṇām) - of the Kurus, belonging to the Kauravas

• यशोभृता (yaśobhṛtā) - bearing glory, bringing fame

Words meanings and morphology

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, first, previously

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb here (adverbial accusative)

आगस्कृतः (āgaskṛtaḥ) - who had committed an offense (referring to Daśārṇas) (having committed an offense, having been wronged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āgaskṛta

āgaskṛta - having committed a fault, having wronged, one against whom offense is committed

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (āgas+kṛta)

• āgas – offense, fault, sin, injury
  noun (neuter)
• kṛta – done, made, performed, committed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Describes Daśārṇāḥ

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, having approached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Absolutive suffix -tvā added to the root gam

Root: gam (class 1)

दशार्णाः (daśārṇāḥ) - the Daśārṇas (a people/kingdom)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of daśārṇa

daśārṇa - the Daśārṇas (name of a people or country in ancient India)

Note: The subjects of 'jitāḥ'

समरे (samare) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict, encounter

जिताः (jitāḥ) - conquered, vanquished, victorious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jita

jita - conquered, won, subdued, overcome

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root ji

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Daśārṇāḥ

पाण्डुना (pāṇḍunā) - by Pāṇḍu

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāṇḍu

pāṇḍu - Pāṇḍu (name of a king, father of the Pāṇḍavas)

नरसिंहेन (narasiṁhena) - by the lion among men, by the excellent man

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of narasiṃha

narasiṁha - lion among men, pre-eminent man, a most excellent man

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+siṃha)

• nara – man, person, human being
  noun (masculine)
• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositional to Pāṇḍunā

कौरवाणाम् (kauravāṇām) - of the Kurus, belonging to the Kauravas

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kaurava

kaurava - a descendant of Kuru, a member of the Kuru dynasty

Patronymic derived from Kuru

यशोभृता (yaśobhṛtā) - bearing glory, bringing fame

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yaśobhṛt

yaśobhṛt - bearing glory, bringing fame, famous

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (yaśas+bhṛt)

• yaśas – fame, glory, renown, splendor
  noun (neuter)
• bhṛt – bearing, supporting, nourishing, maintaining
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun / Primary Derivative
  Agent noun derived from root bhṛ (to bear, carry)
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Appositional to Pāṇḍunā