महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-101, verse-7

तमपृच्छंस्ततो राजंस्तथावृत्तं तपोधनम् ।
कतरेण पथा याता दस्यवो द्विजसत्तम ।
तेन गच्छामहे ब्रह्मन्पथा शीघ्रतरं वयम् ॥७॥

7. tamapṛcchaṁstato rājaṁstathāvṛttaṁ tapodhanam ,
katareṇa pathā yātā dasyavo dvijasattama ,
tena gacchāmahe brahmanpathā śīghrataraṁ vayam.

7. tam apṛcchan tataḥ rājan tathāvṛttam
tapodhanam | katareṇa pathā yātāḥ
dasyavaḥ dvijasattama | tena gacchāmahe
brahman pathā śīghrataraṃ vayam

7. Then, O King, they asked that ascetic (tapasvin) who had endured such an event: 'O best of the twice-born (dvija), by which path have the robbers gone? O brāhmaṇa, we will go by that path more quickly!'

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• अपृच्छन् (apṛcchan) - they asked

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, to whom the story is being narrated) (O King)

• तथावृत्तम् (tathāvṛttam) - the sage who had such an experience (one who had such an experience, who behaved thus)

• तपोधनम् (tapodhanam) - the sage (whose wealth is (tapas) asceticism) (the ascetic, one whose wealth is asceticism)

• कतरेण (katareṇa) - by which (of two or many)

• पथा (pathā) - by the path

• याताः (yātāḥ) - gone, departed

• दस्यवः (dasyavaḥ) - the robbers, dacoits

• द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best of the (dvija) twice-born, referring to the sage (O best of the twice-born (brāhmaṇas))

• तेन (tena) - by that (path)

• गच्छामहे (gacchāmahe) - we will go, let us go

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O (brahman) Brāhmaṇa, referring to the sage (O Brāhmaṇa)

• पथा (pathā) - by the path

• शीघ्रतरं (śīghrataraṁ) - more quickly

• वयम् (vayam) - we

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'apṛcchan'.

अपृच्छन् (apṛcchan) - they asked

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Imperfect (laṅ) of prach

Imperfect Active

Imperfect, 3rd person plural, active voice

Root: prach (class 6)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, to whom the story is being narrated) (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

तथावृत्तम् (tathāvṛttam) - the sage who had such an experience (one who had such an experience, who behaved thus)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tathāvṛtta

tathāvṛtta - one who behaved thus, one who has such an experience

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛt with prefix tathā (thus)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tathā+vṛtta)

• tathā – thus, in that manner
  indeclinable
• vṛtta – happened, occurred, behaved
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vṛt (to be, to exist, to behave)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tam' and 'tapodhanam'.

तपोधनम् (tapodhanam) - the sage (whose wealth is (tapas) asceticism) (the ascetic, one whose wealth is asceticism)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tapodhana

tapodhana - one whose wealth is asceticism, an ascetic

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tapas+dhana)

• tapas – austerity, asceticism (tapas)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'tam' and 'tathāvṛttam'.

कतरेण (katareṇa) - by which (of two or many)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of katara

katara - which (of two), which (of many)

Note: Agrees with 'pathā'.

पथा (pathā) - by the path

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pathin

pathin - path, road, way

Root: path (class 1)

याताः (yātāḥ) - gone, departed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yāta

yāta - gone, departed, moved

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yā (to go)

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'dasyavaḥ'.

दस्यवः (dasyavaḥ) - the robbers, dacoits

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dasyu

dasyu - robber, bandit, enemy

Root: das (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'yātāḥ'.

द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best of the (dvija) twice-born, referring to the sage (O best of the twice-born (brāhmaṇas))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best of the twice-born

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born, a brāhmaṇa, a bird, a tooth
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: dvi
  Root: jan (class 4)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of sat (good)
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Refers to the sage.

तेन (tena) - by that (path)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the path.

गच्छामहे (gacchāmahe) - we will go, let us go

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, Present (laṭ) of gam

Present Middle

Present, 1st person plural, middle voice (or imperative for 'let us go')

Root: gam (class 1)

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O (brahman) Brāhmaṇa, referring to the sage (O Brāhmaṇa)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - brāhmaṇa, priest

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: Refers to the sage.

पथा (pathā) - by the path

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pathin

pathin - path, road, way

Root: path (class 1)

Note: Repetition for emphasis or clarity.

शीघ्रतरं (śīghrataraṁ) - more quickly

(indeclinable)

Comparative of śīghra

Root: śīgh (class 1)

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of 'gacchāmahe'.