महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-101, verse-21

स तथान्तर्गतेनैव शूलेन व्यचरन्मुनिः ।
स तेन तपसा लोकान्विजिग्ये दुर्लभान्परैः ।
अणीमाण्डव्य इति च ततो लोकेषु कथ्यते ॥२१॥

21. sa tathāntargatenaiva śūlena vyacaranmuniḥ ,
sa tena tapasā lokānvijigye durlabhānparaiḥ ,
aṇīmāṇḍavya iti ca tato lokeṣu kathyate.

21. sa tathā antargateṇa eva śūlena
vyacarat muniḥ sa tena tapasā lokān
vijigye durlabhān paraiḥ aṇīmāṇḍavya
iti ca tataḥ lokeṣu kathyate

21. That sage (muni), with the stake still inside him, continued to move about. Through that austerity (tapas), he conquered worlds that were difficult for others to reach. Because of this, he is known among people as Aṇīmāṇḍavya.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he, that one

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• अन्तर्गतेण (antargateṇa) - being inside, inherent, remaining within

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

• शूलेन (śūlena) - by the stake, with the stake

• व्यचरत् (vyacarat) - he moved about, he wandered, he conducted himself

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic, seer

• स (sa) - he, that one

• तेन (tena) - by that, with that

• तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity (tapas), through penance

• लोकान् (lokān) - worlds, realms, people

• विजिग्ये (vijigye) - he conquered, he overcame

• दुर्लभान् (durlabhān) - difficult to obtain, hard to reach

• परैः (paraiḥ) - by others

• अणीमाण्डव्य (aṇīmāṇḍavya) - Aṇīmāṇḍavya (proper name of the sage)

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• च (ca) - and, also

• ततः (tataḥ) - thence, therefore, from that

• लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - among the people, in the worlds

• कथ्यते (kathyate) - he is called, he is said, it is told

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the sage Māṇḍavya.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

अन्तर्गतेण (antargateṇa) - being inside, inherent, remaining within

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of antargata

antargata - gone inside, contained within, inherent, inner

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root gam (to go) with upasarga antar (within, inside).

Prefix: antar

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'śūlena'.

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

(indeclinable)

शूलेन (śūlena) - by the stake, with the stake

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śūla

śūla - stake, spear, dart, spike

व्यचरत् (vyacarat) - he moved about, he wandered, he conducted himself

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyacar

Past Tense (Imperfect)

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. Formed from root car (to move) with upasarga vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic, seer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer, inspired person

Note: Subject of 'vyacarat'.

स (sa) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the sage Māṇḍavya.

तेन (tena) - by that, with that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Modifies 'tapasā'.

तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity (tapas), through penance

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - religious austerity, penance, heat, fervent activity

Root: tap (class 1)

लोकान् (lokān) - worlds, realms, people

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, division of the universe

Note: Object of 'vijigye'.

विजिग्ये (vijigye) - he conquered, he overcame

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of vijī

Past Tense (Perfect)

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada). Formed from root jī (to conquer) with upasarga vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: jī (class 1)

दुर्लभान् (durlabhān) - difficult to obtain, hard to reach

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of durlabha

durlabha - difficult to obtain, hard to reach, rare, unattainable

Formed with prefix dur (difficult, bad) and root labh (to obtain).

Prefix: dur

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'lokān'.

परैः (paraiḥ) - by others

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of para

para - other, different, alien, supreme, distant

अणीमाण्डव्य (aṇīmāṇḍavya) - Aṇīmāṇḍavya (proper name of the sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṇīmāṇḍavya

aṇīmāṇḍavya - Aṇīmāṇḍavya (name of a sage, literally 'Māṇḍavya with the point', referring to the stake in him)

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - thence, therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - among the people, in the worlds

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, division of the universe

कथ्यते (kathyate) - he is called, he is said, it is told

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kath

Present Tense

Present tense, 3rd person singular, passive voice. From root kath (class 10), which is denominative.

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: The implicit subject is the sage.