योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-188, verse-8

बोधादविद्यमानत्वादविद्येत्युच्यते बुधैः ।
इत्यादिकलनस्यास्य नामानि कथितानि ते ॥ ८ ॥

bodhādavidyamānatvādavidyetyucyate budhaiḥ ,
ityādikalanasyāsya nāmāni kathitāni te 8

8. bodhāt avidyamānatvāt avidyā iti ucyate budhaiḥ
iti ādikalanasya asya nāmāni kathitāni te

8. budhaiḥ bodhāt avidyamānatvāt avidyā iti ucyate
iti te asya ādikalanasya nāmāni kathitāni

8. Because of its non-existence upon the dawn of realization (bodha), it is termed 'ignorance (avidyā)' by the wise. Thus, these names of this primary conceptualization have been recounted to you.

Words meanings summery:

• बोधात् (bodhāt) - due to the dawn of true knowledge (bodha) (from knowledge, due to understanding, by means of realization)

• अविद्यमानत्वात् (avidyamānatvāt) - due to its state of being non-existent (due to non-existence, due to unreality, because of not being present)

• अविद्या (avidyā) - ignorance (avidyā), the principle of cosmic illusion (ignorance, nescience, spiritual ignorance)

• इति (iti) - thus, indicating a designation (thus, in this manner, marking quotation)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is designated (is said, is called, is spoken)

• बुधैः (budhaiḥ) - by enlightened sages (by the wise, by scholars, by intelligent ones)

• इति (iti) - thus, referring to the preceding explanation (thus, in this manner, marking quotation)

• आदिकलनस्य (ādikalanasya) - of this initial conceptualization (of the primary conception, of the initial mental construct)

• अस्य (asya) - of this (referring to the `ādikalana`) (of this, of him, of it)

• नामानि (nāmāni) - these appellations (names)

• कथितानि (kathitāni) - have been explained/recounted (told, related, said)

• ते (te) - to you (the listener/reader) (to you, for you, by you)

Words meanings and morphology

बोधात् (bodhāt) - due to the dawn of true knowledge (bodha) (from knowledge, due to understanding, by means of realization)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of bodha

bodha - knowledge, understanding, awakening, perception

Derived from root `budh` (to know, awaken)

Root: budh (class 1)

अविद्यमानत्वात् (avidyamānatvāt) - due to its state of being non-existent (due to non-existence, due to unreality, because of not being present)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of avidyamānatva

avidyamānatva - non-existence, unreality, absence

Formed from `avidyamāna` (non-existent, present participle of `a-vid` 'not to be') + `tva` (abstract noun suffix)

• avidyamāna – not existing, unreal, absent
  adjective
  Present Active Participle (negative)
  Negative participle from root `vid` (to be, exist)
  Prefix: a
  Root: vid (class 2)
• tva – abstract suffix, -ness, -hood
  indeclinable (neuter)
  Suffix forming abstract nouns

अविद्या (avidyā) - ignorance (avidyā), the principle of cosmic illusion (ignorance, nescience, spiritual ignorance)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of avidyā

avidyā - ignorance, nescience, illusion

`a` (not) + `vidyā` (knowledge)

Compound type : nan-tatpurusha (a+vidyā)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• vidyā – knowledge, learning, science
  noun (feminine)
  From root `vid` (to know)
  Root: vid

इति (iti) - thus, indicating a designation (thus, in this manner, marking quotation)

(indeclinable)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is designated (is said, is called, is spoken)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of vac

Present Passive 3rd singular

Root `vac` becomes `uc` in passive forms.

Root: vac (class 2)

बुधैः (budhaiḥ) - by enlightened sages (by the wise, by scholars, by intelligent ones)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of budha

budha - wise man, sage, intelligent, awakened

From root `budh` (to know, awaken)

Root: budh (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, referring to the preceding explanation (thus, in this manner, marking quotation)

(indeclinable)

आदिकलनस्य (ādikalanasya) - of this initial conceptualization (of the primary conception, of the initial mental construct)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of ādikalana

ādikalana - primary conception, initial mental activity

Compound of `ādi` (beginning, primary) and `kalana` (conceptualization)

Compound type : karmadharaya (ādi+kalana)

• ādi – first, beginning, primary
  adjective (masculine)
• kalana – calculation, conception, mental activity
  noun (neuter)
  From root `kal` (to calculate, perceive)
  Root: kal (class 10)

Note: Genitive singular of the compound noun `ādikalana`.

अस्य (asya) - of this (referring to the `ādikalana`) (of this, of him, of it)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Demonstrative pronoun

नामानि (nāmāni) - these appellations (names)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of nāman

nāman - name, appellation

n-stem noun

कथितानि (kathitāni) - have been explained/recounted (told, related, said)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of kathita

kathita - told, said, related, narrated

Past Passive Participle

From root `kath` (to tell, speak)

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective, forming a passive construction with `nāmāni`.

ते (te) - to you (the listener/reader) (to you, for you, by you)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

2nd person pronoun, enclitic form

Note: Enclitic form of `yuṣmad`.