योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-177, verse-30

तस्मादकारणा भ्रान्तिर्भावा भान्ति च कारणम् ।
अज्ञे ज्ञे त्वखिलं कार्यं कारणाद्भवति स्थितम् ॥ ३० ॥

tasmādakāraṇā bhrāntirbhāvā bhānti ca kāraṇam ,
ajñe jñe tvakhilaṃ kāryaṃ kāraṇādbhavati sthitam 30

30. tasmāt akāraṇā bhrāntiḥ bhāvāḥ bhānti ca kāraṇam
ajñe jñe tu akhilam kāryam kāraṇāt bhavati sthitam

30. tasmāt bhrāntiḥ akāraṇā ca bhāvāḥ kāraṇam bhānti
ajñe tu jñe akhilam kāryam kāraṇāt sthitam bhavati

30. Therefore, delusion (bhrānti) is causeless, and various phenomena (bhāva) appear as causes in ignorance. But in knowledge, every effect (kārya) is established to arise from a cause (kāraṇa).

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• अकारणा (akāraṇā) - causeless, without cause

• भ्रान्तिः (bhrāntiḥ) - delusion, error, illusion

• भावाः (bhāvāḥ) - existences, entities, phenomena

• भान्ति (bhānti) - appear, shine, seem

• च (ca) - and

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause

• अज्ञे (ajñe) - in ignorance, in the unknown

• ज्ञे (jñe) - in knowledge, in the known

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

• अखिलम् (akhilam) - all, entire

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - effect, action, that which is to be done

• कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - from a cause, on account of a cause

• भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes, exists

• स्थितम् (sthitam) - established, existing, standing

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Demonstrative pronoun, ablative singular, functioning adverbially.

अकारणा (akāraṇā) - causeless, without cause

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of akāraṇa

akāraṇa - causeless, without cause or reason

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound: a (not) + kāraṇa (cause).

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kāraṇa)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negating particle.
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ with suffix -ana.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'bhrāntiḥ'.

भ्रान्तिः (bhrāntiḥ) - delusion, error, illusion

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhrānti

bhrānti - delusion, error, confusion, illusion, mistake

From root bhram with suffix -ktin.

Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: Subject of the first clause.

भावाः (bhāvāḥ) - existences, entities, phenomena

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhāva

bhāva - being, existence, state, entity, phenomenon, disposition

From root bhū.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'bhānti'.

भान्ति (bhānti) - appear, shine, seem

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhā

Present Active Indicative

From root bhā.

Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Main verb for 'bhāvāḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects two observations about bhrānti and bhāvāḥ.

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

From root kṛ with suffix -ana.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Functions as a predicate: 'appear (as) a cause'.

अज्ञे (ajñe) - in ignorance, in the unknown

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of ajña

ajña - ignorant, unknowing, unknown, foolish

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound: a (not) + jña (knowing). Used substantively.

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jña)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negating particle.
• jña – knowing, knower
  adjective
  From root jñā.
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Indicates the context or state of being ignorant.

ज्ञे (jñe) - in knowledge, in the known

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of jña

jña - knowing, knower, knowledge (substantivized adjective)

From root jñā. Used substantively.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Indicates the context or state of being knowledgeable.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Particle.

अखिलम् (akhilam) - all, entire

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of akhila

akhila - all, whole, entire, complete

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound: a (not) + khila (deficient/empty space).

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+khila)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negating particle.
• khila – empty space, lacking, deficient
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'kāryam'.

कार्यम् (kāryam) - effect, action, that which is to be done

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - effect, duty, business, action to be done

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From root kṛ with suffix -ya.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - from a cause, on account of a cause

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

From root kṛ with suffix -ana.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Indicates the source from which the effect arises.

भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present Active Indicative

From root bhū.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: The main verb of the second clause, describing the state of being established.

स्थितम् (sthitam) - established, existing, standing

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, situated, established, existing, firm

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā + kta.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective with 'bhavati', describing the state of the 'kāryam'.