योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-157, verse-23

क्रमेणानेन जातीनां विविधा भेदकल्पना ।
तासां तामसतामस्यां जातौ जातोऽसि मानद ॥ २३ ॥

krameṇānena jātīnāṃ vividhā bhedakalpanā ,
tāsāṃ tāmasatāmasyāṃ jātau jāto'si mānada 23

23. krameṇa anena jātīnām vividhā bhedakalpanā
tāsām tāmasatāmasyām jātau jātaḥ asi mānada

23. mānada anena krameṇa jātīnām vividhā bhedakalpanā
(asti) tāsām tāmasatāmasyām jātau tvam jātaḥ asi

23. According to this process, various classifications are conceptualized for the different categories (jāti). Among those categories, O giver of honor, you have been born into the most *tamasic* of *tamasic* types (jāti).

Words meanings summery:

• क्रमेण (krameṇa) - by order, in sequence, gradually

• अनेन (anena) - by this, through this

• जातीनाम् (jātīnām) - of types of beings (jāti) (of classes, of types, of beings)

• विविधा (vividhā) - various, diverse, manifold

• भेदकल्पना (bhedakalpanā) - various classifications (distinction-making, conceptualization of difference, imaginative classification)

• तासाम् (tāsām) - of those (feminine)

• तामसतामस्याम् (tāmasatāmasyām) - in the most *tamasic* of the *tamasic* categories (jāti) (in the tamasic-of-the-tamasic, in the extremely tamasic)

• जातौ (jātau) - in the type of being (jāti) (in the class, in the type, in the birth)

• जातः (jātaḥ) - born, produced, become

• असि (asi) - you are

• मानद (mānada) - giver of honor, respect-giver

Words meanings and morphology

क्रमेण (krameṇa) - by order, in sequence, gradually

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of krama

krama - step, order, sequence, method

From root kram- 'to step, go'

Root: kram (class 1)

अनेन (anena) - by this, through this

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

जातीनाम् (jātīnām) - of types of beings (jāti) (of classes, of types, of beings)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of jāti

jāti - birth, lineage, class, genus, species, kind, inherent nature (dharma)

From root jan- 'to be born'

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Possessive of bhedakalpanā.

विविधा (vividhā) - various, diverse, manifold

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, diverse, manifold

Note: Acts as predicate adjective for bhedakalpanā.

भेदकल्पना (bhedakalpanā) - various classifications (distinction-making, conceptualization of difference, imaginative classification)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhedakalpanā

bhedakalpanā - conception of distinction, imaginative distinction, classification of differences

Compound type : tatpurusha (bheda+kalpanā)

• bheda – splitting, breaking, division, distinction, difference
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhid- 'to split'
  Root: bhid (class 7)
• kalpanā – forming, making, inventing, imagining, conception, supposition
  noun (feminine)
  From root kḷp- 'to be fit, imagine'
  Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Subject of the first sentence.

तासाम् (tāsām) - of those (feminine)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Implies 'among those types'.

तामसतामस्याम् (tāmasatāmasyām) - in the most *tamasic* of the *tamasic* categories (jāti) (in the tamasic-of-the-tamasic, in the extremely tamasic)

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of tāmasatāmasī

tāmasatāmasī - most *tamasic* of the *tamasic* ones

Compound type : tatpurusha (tāmasa+tāmasī)

• tāmasa – relating to *tamas*; dark, ignorant, dull
  adjective
  Derived from tamas (darkness, inertia)
• tāmasī – feminine form of tāmasa
  adjective (feminine)
  Derived from tamas (darkness, inertia)

Note: Agrees with jātau.

जातौ (jātau) - in the type of being (jāti) (in the class, in the type, in the birth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of jāti

jāti - birth, lineage, class, genus, species, kind, inherent nature (dharma)

From root jan- 'to be born'

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Location where 'you are born'.

जातः (jātaḥ) - born, produced, become

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen

Past Passive Participle

Formed from √jan (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective for the implied 'tvam'.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used as an auxiliary verb with jātaḥ.

मानद (mānada) - giver of honor, respect-giver

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mānada

mānada - giver of honor, respectful

Compound type : tatpurusha (māna+da)

• māna – honor, respect, pride, measure
  noun (masculine)
  From root man- 'to think'
  Root: man (class 4)
• da – giver, bestower
  adjective
  Suffix -da, from root dā- 'to give'
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Addressed to the interlocutor.

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