योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-157, verse-21

प्रथमात्यन्तबहुभिर्भवैश्चेऽन्मोक्षगामिनी ।
जातिस्तत्प्रोच्यते तज्ज्ञैः सद्भिस्तामसतामसी ॥ २१ ॥

prathamātyantabahubhirbhavaiśce'nmokṣagāminī ,
jātistatprocyate tajjñaiḥ sadbhistāmasatāmasī 21

21. prathamātyantabahubhiḥ bhavaiḥ cet mokṣagāminī
jātiḥ tat procyate tajjñaiḥ sadbhiḥ tāmasatāmasī

21. cet jātiḥ prathamātyantabahubhiḥ bhavaiḥ mokṣagāminī (bhavet),
tat jātiḥ tajjñaiḥ sadbhiḥ tāmasatāmasī procyate.

21. If a class of being (jāti), through a primarily exceedingly large number of existences, eventually tends towards liberation (mokṣa), then that class (jāti) is declared by the wise (sadbhiḥ) and those who understand these classifications (tajjñaiḥ) to be 'tāmasika-tāmasika' (predominantly characterized by ignorance and inertia).

Words meanings summery:

• प्रथमात्यन्तबहुभिः (prathamātyantabahubhiḥ) - by extremely many initial, by a very great number of initial

• भवैः (bhavaiḥ) - through births, by existences

• चेत् (cet) - if

• मोक्षगामिनी (mokṣagāminī) - tending towards liberation, leading to liberation

• जातिः (jātiḥ) - birth, species, class, nature, kind

• तत् (tat) - that, therefore, then

• प्रोच्यते (procyate) - is declared, is said, is stated

• तज्ज्ञैः (tajjñaiḥ) - by those who understand these classifications (by those who know that, by the experts)

• सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by the good, by the wise, by the virtuous

• तामसतामसी (tāmasatāmasī) - characterized predominantly by ignorance and inertia (predominantly tāmasika, of the tāmasika-tāmasika type)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रथमात्यन्तबहुभिः (prathamātyantabahubhiḥ) - by extremely many initial, by a very great number of initial

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prathamātyantabahu

prathamātyantabahu - primary and extremely many, first and numerous

Karmadhāraya compound: 'prathama' (first) + 'atyanta' (extremely) + 'bahu' (many). 'prathamātyanta' modifies 'bahu'.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (prathama+atyanta+bahu)

• prathama – first, foremost, primary
  adjective (masculine)
  From pratī (prefix) + tama suffix.
• atyanta – extreme, excessive, very much, incessant
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound ati (over, beyond) + anta (end).
• bahu – many, much, numerous
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'bhavaiḥ'.

भवैः (bhavaiḥ) - through births, by existences

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhava

bhava - being, existence, birth, world, state

From root bhū (to be, exist) + suffix a.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Implies "through" or "by means of" many births.

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

मोक्षगामिनी (mokṣagāminī) - tending towards liberation, leading to liberation

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mokṣagāmin

mokṣagāmin - going towards liberation, tending towards emancipation

Tatpuruṣa compound mokṣa (liberation) + gāmin (going).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mokṣa+gāmin)

• mokṣa – liberation, release, emancipation
  noun (masculine)
  From root muc (to free, release) + ghañ suffix.
  Root: muc (class 6)
• gāmin – going, moving, leading to
  adjective (masculine)
  From root gam (to go) + ṇin suffix.
  Root: gam (class 1)

जातिः (jātiḥ) - birth, species, class, nature, kind

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jāti

jāti - birth, species, class, family, lineage, nature, inherent quality, type

From root jan (to be born) + kti suffix.

Root: jan (class 4)

तत् (tat) - that, therefore, then

(pronoun)

singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'jātiḥ'.

प्रोच्यते (procyate) - is declared, is said, is stated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of pra-vac

Present Passive Indicative

From pra (prefix) + root vac (to speak) in passive voice, 3rd person singular. vac becomes uc in passive forms.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

तज्ज्ञैः (tajjñaiḥ) - by those who understand these classifications (by those who know that, by the experts)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tajjña

tajjña - knowing that, expert, connoisseur

Tatpuruṣa compound tat (that) + jña (knower). tat becomes taj due to sandhi.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tad+jña)

• tad – that, it
  pronoun (neuter)
• jña – knowing, knower, wise
  suffix/adjective (masculine)
  From root jñā (to know) + ka suffix.
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agent of 'procyate'.

सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by the good, by the wise, by the virtuous

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sat

sat - good, virtuous, wise, existing, real

Present Active Participle

From root as (to be) + śatṛ suffix. Used as a noun.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agent of 'procyate'.

तामसतामसी (tāmasatāmasī) - characterized predominantly by ignorance and inertia (predominantly tāmasika, of the tāmasika-tāmasika type)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tāmasatāmasī

tāmasatāmasī - characterized by the quality of tamas to a high degree, very tāmasika

Karmadhāraya compound where 'tāmasī' (feminine form of 'tāmasa') is repeated for emphasis or specific sub-classification. 'tāmasa' derived from 'tamas' (darkness, inertia, one of the three guṇas).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tāmasa+tāmasī)

• tāmasa – related to tamas, dark, ignorant, inert
  adjective (masculine)
  From tamas (darkness, inertia) + aṇ suffix.
• tāmasī – related to tamas, dark, ignorant, inert
  adjective (feminine)
  From tamas (darkness, inertia) + aṇ suffix (feminine form).

Note: Predicative adjective for 'jātiḥ'.