योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-157, verse-11

सिन्धुर्वक्ष्यति ।
किमुच्यते महाभाग वद तामसतामसः ।
क्रियन्ते पूर्वमेवैताः केन संज्ञाः परे पदे ॥ ११ ॥

sindhurvakṣyati ,
kimucyate mahābhāga vada tāmasatāmasaḥ ,
kriyante pūrvamevaitāḥ kena saṃjñāḥ pare pade 11

11. sindhuḥ vadiṣyati kim ucyate mahābhāga vada tāmasatāmasaḥ
kriyante pūrvam eva etāḥ kena saṃjñāḥ pare pade

11. sindhuḥ vadiṣyati mahābhāga kim ucyate tāmasatāmasaḥ
vada pūrvam eva etāḥ saṃjñāḥ pare pade kena kriyante

11. Sindhu will speak: 'O venerable one, please explain, what is meant by 'the most extremely dark (tamasic) one'? By whom, indeed, were these designations (concepts) formerly established in the supreme state (para pada)?'

Words meanings summery:

• सिन्धुः (sindhuḥ) - The name of a speaker, Sindhu. (Sindhu (proper noun), ocean, river, stream)

• वदिष्यति (vadiṣyati) - Sindhu will speak. (will speak, will say, will declare)

• किम् (kim) - What (interrogative pronoun). (what, which, why)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - What is said/meant. (is said, is called, is spoken)

• महाभाग (mahābhāga) - Term of respectful address. (O great fortunate one, O venerable one)

• वद (vada) - Tell me (imperative). (speak, tell, say)

• तामसतामसः (tāmasatāmasaḥ) - The specific term from the previous verse being questioned. (most tāmasic, extremely ignorant/dark)

• क्रियन्ते (kriyante) - Are established, are created. (are made, are done, are performed)

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - Referring to a past time. (formerly, previously, before, in the beginning)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizing 'these'. (only, just, indeed, certainly, emphatically)

• एताः (etāḥ) - Referring to saṃjñāḥ (designations). (these (feminine))

• केन (kena) - Asking for the agent of action (by whom). (by whom, by what)

• संज्ञाः (saṁjñāḥ) - The terms or concepts being discussed. (names, designations, concepts, consciousness)

• परे (pare) - In the supreme. (in the supreme, in the other, in the excellent)

• पदे (pade) - In the state or realm. (in the state, in the abode, in the word, in the foot)

Words meanings and morphology

सिन्धुः (sindhuḥ) - The name of a speaker, Sindhu. (Sindhu (proper noun), ocean, river, stream)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sindhu

sindhu - river, ocean, stream, Sindhu (proper noun), an inhabitant of Sindh

Root: syand (class 1)

वदिष्यति (vadiṣyati) - Sindhu will speak. (will speak, will say, will declare)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vad

Future tense

From root vad, future stem vadiṣya.

Root: vad (class 1)

किम् (kim) - What (interrogative pronoun). (what, which, why)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why

Interrogative pronoun/adverb.

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter. Here functions as the subject of the passive verb ucyate.

उच्यते (ucyate) - What is said/meant. (is said, is called, is spoken)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Present passive

From root vac, present passive stem ucya.

Root: vac (class 2)

महाभाग (mahābhāga) - Term of respectful address. (O great fortunate one, O venerable one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābhāga

mahābhāga - greatly fortunate, highly auspicious, venerable

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• bhāga – share, portion, fortune, luck
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

वद (vada) - Tell me (imperative). (speak, tell, say)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present imperative (loṭ) of vad

Imperative, present

Root vad (class 1, to speak), imperative 2nd singular.

Root: vad (class 1)

तामसतामसः (tāmasatāmasaḥ) - The specific term from the previous verse being questioned. (most tāmasic, extremely ignorant/dark)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tāmasatāmasa

tāmasatāmasa - extremely tāmasic, most full of darkness

Repetition of tāmasa for emphasis, indicating superlative degree.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tāmasa+tāmasa)

• tāmasa – relating to tamas, dark, ignorant, dull
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from tamas (darkness, ignorance)
• tāmasa – relating to tamas, dark, ignorant, dull
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from tamas (darkness, ignorance)

Note: Here, it seems to be in apposition to kim or the subject of ucyate which is being discussed.

क्रियन्ते (kriyante) - Are established, are created. (are made, are done, are performed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present passive

From root kṛ, passive stem kriya.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with saṃjñāḥ.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - Referring to a past time. (formerly, previously, before, in the beginning)

(indeclinable)

Note: Accusative singular neuter of pūrva, used adverbially.

एव (eva) - Emphasizing 'these'. (only, just, indeed, certainly, emphatically)

(indeclinable)

एताः (etāḥ) - Referring to saṃjñāḥ (designations). (these (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

केन (kena) - Asking for the agent of action (by whom). (by whom, by what)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Interrogative pronoun.

Note: Agent in passive construction.

संज्ञाः (saṁjñāḥ) - The terms or concepts being discussed. (names, designations, concepts, consciousness)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of saṃjñā

saṁjñā - name, designation, concept, technical term, sign, consciousness, understanding

From sam-jñā (to know, perceive).

Prefix: sam

Root: jñā (class 9)

परे (pare) - In the supreme. (in the supreme, in the other, in the excellent)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate, other, distant, subsequent

Note: Agrees with pade.

पदे (pade) - In the state or realm. (in the state, in the abode, in the word, in the foot)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - foot, step, place, state, word, post, station

From root pad (to go).

Root: pad (class 4)