योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-148, verse-20

नेह नामास्ति नियतिर्न चानियतिरस्ति च ।
नियत्यनियती ब्रूहि कीदृशे स्वप्नसंविदि ॥ २० ॥

neha nāmāsti niyatirna cāniyatirasti ca ,
niyatyaniyatī brūhi kīdṛśe svapnasaṃvidi 20

20. na iha nāma asti niyatiḥ na ca aniyatiḥ asti ca
| niyati-aniyatī brūhi kīdṛśe svapna-saṃvidi ||

20. iha nāma niyatiḥ na asti ca aniyatiḥ na asti
svapna-saṃvidi niyati-aniyatī kīdṛśe brūhi

20. Here, there is no such thing as fate (niyati), nor is there non-fate (aniyati). Tell me, what kind of fate and non-fate are these in the consciousness of a dream (svapna-saṃvidi)?

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

• नाम (nāma) - such a thing as (emphatic particle) (by name, indeed, it is said)

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• नियतिः (niyatiḥ) - fate (niyati) or determinism (fate, destiny, fixed order, control, necessity)

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• च (ca) - and, also

• अनियतिः (aniyatiḥ) - non-fate (aniyati) or free will (absence of fate, freedom, non-determinism)

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• च (ca) - and, also

• नियति-अनियती (niyati-aniyatī) - these two concepts: fate and non-fate (fate and non-fate, determinism and non-determinism)

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, say, speak

• कीदृशे (kīdṛśe) - of what kind, of what sort, how

• स्वप्न-संविदि (svapna-saṁvidi) - in dream-consciousness, in the consciousness of a dream

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

(indeclinable)

नाम (nāma) - such a thing as (emphatic particle) (by name, indeed, it is said)

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active Indicative

3rd person singular present active indicative of root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

नियतिः (niyatiḥ) - fate (niyati) or determinism (fate, destiny, fixed order, control, necessity)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of niyati

niyati - fate, destiny, fixed order, control, necessity, restriction

From ni + yam (to control) + kti(n)

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अनियतिः (aniyatiḥ) - non-fate (aniyati) or free will (absence of fate, freedom, non-determinism)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of aniyati

aniyati - absence of fixed order, freedom, non-determinism, contingency

Negative compound of niyati

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+niyati)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• niyati – fate, destiny, fixed order, control
  noun (feminine)
  From ni + yam (to control) + kti(n)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: yam (class 1)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active Indicative

3rd person singular present active indicative of root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

नियति-अनियती (niyati-aniyatī) - these two concepts: fate and non-fate (fate and non-fate, determinism and non-determinism)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, dual of niyati-aniyati

niyati-aniyati - fate and non-fate

Dvandva compound of niyati and aniyati

Compound type : dvandva (niyati+aniyati)

• niyati – fate, destiny, fixed order, control
  noun (feminine)
  From ni + yam (to control) + kti(n)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: yam (class 1)
• aniyati – absence of fixed order, freedom, non-determinism, contingency
  noun (feminine)
  Negative compound of niyati

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, say, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative Active

2nd person singular imperative active of root brū (to speak)

Root: brū (class 2)

कीदृशे (kīdṛśe) - of what kind, of what sort, how

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, dual of kīdṛś

kīdṛś - of what kind, like what, how

Forms feminine in -ā (kīdṛśā) or -ī (kīdṛśī). Here it acts as feminine nominative dual.

स्वप्न-संविदि (svapna-saṁvidi) - in dream-consciousness, in the consciousness of a dream

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of svapna-saṃvid

svapna-saṁvid - dream-consciousness

Tatpuruṣa compound: svapna (dream) + saṃvid (consciousness)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (svapna+saṃvid)

• svapna – dream, sleep
  noun (masculine)
  Root: svap (class 2)
• saṃvid – consciousness, knowledge, understanding, agreement
  noun (feminine)
  From sam + vid (to know) + kvip
  Prefix: sam
  Root: vid (class 2)

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