योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-148, verse-18

अतस्त्वं जाग्रदेवेदं स्वप्नं विद्धि महामते ।
स्वप्नं च विद्धि जाग्रत्त्वमेकमेतदजं द्वयम् ॥ १८ ॥

atastvaṃ jāgradevedaṃ svapnaṃ viddhi mahāmate ,
svapnaṃ ca viddhi jāgrattvamekametadajaṃ dvayam 18

18. ataḥ tvam jāgrat eva idam svapnam viddhi mahāmate
svapnam ca viddhi jāgrattvam ekam etat ajam dvayam

18. ataḥ mahāmate tvam idam jāgrat eva svapnam viddhi
ca svapnam jāgrattvam viddhi etat dvayam ekam ajam

18. Therefore, O great-minded one (mahāmate), understand this waking state (jāgrat) itself to be a dream (svapna). And similarly, understand the dream (svapna) to be the waking state (jāgrat). This pair of states (dvayam) is one (ekam) and unborn (ajam).

Words meanings summery:

• अतः (ataḥ) - therefore (therefore, hence, from this)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (you (singular))

• जाग्रत् (jāgrat) - the waking state (jāgrat) (waking, waking state)

• एव (eva) - itself, alone (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• इदम् (idam) - this (this, this one)

• स्वप्नम् (svapnam) - a dream (svapna) (dream, sleep)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - understand, know (know, understand (imperative))

• महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded one! (O great-minded one, O intelligent one)

• स्वप्नम् (svapnam) - dream (svapna) (dream, sleep)

• च (ca) - and similarly (and, also, moreover)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - understand (know, understand (imperative))

• जाग्रत्त्वम् (jāgrattvam) - the waking state (the state of waking, wakingness)

• एकम् (ekam) - one (one, single, unique)

• एतत् (etat) - this (this, this one)

• अजम् (ajam) - unborn (unborn, not born)

• द्वयम् (dvayam) - this pair (of states) (a pair, a couple, duality)

Words meanings and morphology

अतः (ataḥ) - therefore (therefore, hence, from this)

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (you (singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

जाग्रत् (jāgrat) - the waking state (jāgrat) (waking, waking state)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jāgrat

jāgrat - waking, awake, the waking state

Present Active Participle

from root jāgṛ (to wake), used as a noun

Root: jāgṛ (class 2)

Note: Present active participle of jāgṛ, used as a noun.

एव (eva) - itself, alone (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

स्वप्नम् (svapnam) - a dream (svapna) (dream, sleep)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svapna

svapna - dream, sleep

from root svap (to sleep)

Root: svap (class 2)

विद्धि (viddhi) - understand, know (know, understand (imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative, active voice, 2nd person singular

from root vid (to know), archaic or Vedic form

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Root vid (class 2) 'to know'.

महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded one! (O great-minded one, O intelligent one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāmat

mahāmat - great-minded, intelligent

vocative singular of mahāmat

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+mati)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• mati – mind, intelligence, thought
  noun (feminine)
  from root man (to think)
  Root: man

Note: Compound: mahā (great) + mati (mind, intelligence).

स्वप्नम् (svapnam) - dream (svapna) (dream, sleep)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svapna

svapna - dream, sleep

from root svap (to sleep)

Root: svap (class 2)

च (ca) - and similarly (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

विद्धि (viddhi) - understand (know, understand (imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative, active voice, 2nd person singular

from root vid (to know), archaic or Vedic form

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Root vid (class 2) 'to know'.

जाग्रत्त्वम् (jāgrattvam) - the waking state (the state of waking, wakingness)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jāgrattva

jāgrattva - the state of waking, wakingness

noun formed from jāgrat (waking) + suffix -tva (abstract noun suffix)

Root: jāgṛ (class 2)

Note: Accusative form of the abstract noun 'jāgrattva'.

एकम् (ekam) - one (one, single, unique)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique

एतत् (etat) - this (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

अजम् (ajam) - unborn (unborn, not born)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aja

aja - unborn, unproduced, goat

a (negation) + ja (born, from root jan)

Prefix: a

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Negation of 'born'.

द्वयम् (dvayam) - this pair (of states) (a pair, a couple, duality)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dvaya

dvaya - pair, couple, duality

from dvi (two) + suffix -ya

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