योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-90, verse-12

सुखदुःखदशा धीरं साम्यान्न प्रोद्धरन्ति यम् ।
निःश्वासा इव शैलेन्द्रं चित्तं तस्य मृतं विदुः ॥ १२ ॥

sukhaduḥkhadaśā dhīraṃ sāmyānna proddharanti yam ,
niḥśvāsā iva śailendraṃ cittaṃ tasya mṛtaṃ viduḥ 12

12. sukhaduḥkhadaśā dhīram sāmyāt na pra-uddharanti yam
niḥśvāsāḥ iva śailendram cittam tasya mṛtam viduḥ

12. yam sukhaduḥkhadaśā sāmyāt na pra-uddharanti iva
niḥśvāsāḥ śailendram tasya cittam mṛtam viduḥ

12. They consider the mind of that steady individual to be 'dead' (i.e., perfectly still and unaffected), whom the conditions of joy and sorrow cannot dislodge from their equanimity, just as mere breaths cannot move a great mountain.

Words meanings summery:

• सुखदुःखदशा (sukhaduḥkhadaśā) - states of happiness and sorrow, conditions of pleasure and pain

• धीरम् (dhīram) - the steady one, the wise one

• साम्यात् (sāmyāt) - from equanimity, from sameness, from impartiality

• न (na) - not, no

• प्र-उद्धरन्ति (pra-uddharanti) - they do not dislodge, they do not draw away

• यम् (yam) - whom

• निःश्वासाः (niḥśvāsāḥ) - breaths, sighs

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• शैलेन्द्रम् (śailendram) - a great mountain, king of mountains

• चित्तम् (cittam) - mind, consciousness, thought

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, its

• मृतम् (mṛtam) - perfectly still, unaffected (like dead to the world's influences) (dead, still, inanimate)

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand, they consider

Words meanings and morphology

सुखदुःखदशा (sukhaduḥkhadaśā) - states of happiness and sorrow, conditions of pleasure and pain

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sukhaduḥkhadaśā

sukhaduḥkhadaśā - states of happiness and sorrow, conditions of pleasure and pain

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (sukha+duḥkha+daśā)

• sukha – happiness, joy, pleasure, comfort
  noun (neuter)
• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering, misery
  noun (neuter)
• daśā – state, condition, situation, period
  noun (feminine)

धीरम् (dhīram) - the steady one, the wise one

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhīra

dhīra - steady, firm, calm, wise, patient

साम्यात् (sāmyāt) - from equanimity, from sameness, from impartiality

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of sāmya

sāmya - equanimity, impartiality, sameness, equality

Root: sam

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

प्र-उद्धरन्ति (pra-uddharanti) - they do not dislodge, they do not draw away

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of hṛ

Prefixes: pra+ut

Root: hṛ (class 1)

यम् (yam) - whom

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

निःश्वासाः (niḥśvāsāḥ) - breaths, sighs

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niḥśvāsa

niḥśvāsa - breath, exhalation, sigh

Prefix: nis

Root: śvas (class 2)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

शैलेन्द्रम् (śailendram) - a great mountain, king of mountains

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śailendra

śailendra - king of mountains, great mountain

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śaila+indra)

• śaila – mountain, rock
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, king, lord (also the god Indra)
  noun (masculine)

चित्तम् (cittam) - mind, consciousness, thought

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of citta

citta - mind, consciousness, thought, intellect

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'cit' (to perceive, to understand) + kta suffix.

Root: cit (class 1)

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, its

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

मृतम् (mṛtam) - perfectly still, unaffected (like dead to the world's influences) (dead, still, inanimate)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased, lifeless, still, inanimate

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'mṛ' (to die) + kta suffix.

Root: mṛ (class 1)

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand, they consider

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)