योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-19, verse-14

यत्तु यावत्स्थिरं बुद्धं तत्तावज्जाग्रदुच्यते ।
क्षणभङ्गात्तु तत्स्वप्नो यथा भवति तच्छ्रुणु ॥ १४ ॥

yattu yāvatsthiraṃ buddhaṃ tattāvajjāgraducyate ,
kṣaṇabhaṅgāttu tatsvapno yathā bhavati tacchruṇu 14

14. yat tu yāvat sthiraṃ buddhaṃ tat tāvat jāgrat ucyate
kṣaṇabhaṅgāt tu tat svapnaḥ yathā bhavati tat śṛṇu

14. yat yāvat sthiraṃ buddhaṃ tu tat tāvat jāgrat ucyate
kṣaṇabhaṅgāt tu tat yathā svapnaḥ bhavati tat śṛṇu

14. Whatever is perceived as stable for a certain duration, that is considered the waking state. But when that same (perceived reality) becomes a dream due to its momentary dissolution, listen to how that happens.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - which, what, whatever

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

• यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, as far as, to the extent that

• स्थिरं (sthiraṁ) - stable, firm, permanent

• बुद्धं (buddhaṁ) - perceived, understood, awakened

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• तावत् (tāvat) - so much, so long, to that extent

• जाग्रत् (jāgrat) - the waking state (waking, awake)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared

• क्षणभङ्गात् (kṣaṇabhaṅgāt) - due to momentary dissolution/destruction

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• स्वप्नः (svapnaḥ) - dream, sleep

• यथा (yathā) - as, how, in which way

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, happens

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - which, what, whatever

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever

Note: Refers to 'reality' or 'experience'.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

(indeclinable)

यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, as far as, to the extent that

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial use.

स्थिरं (sthiraṁ) - stable, firm, permanent

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sthira

sthira - stable, firm, permanent, steady, strong

Derived from root sthā (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agreeing with 'yat' (what) and 'buddhaṃ' (perceived).

बुद्धं (buddhaṁ) - perceived, understood, awakened

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of buddha

buddha - perceived, understood, enlightened, awakened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root budh (to know, perceive).

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Agreeing with 'yat' (what) and 'sthiraṃ' (stable).

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, this

Note: Refers back to 'yat' (whatever).

तावत् (tāvat) - so much, so long, to that extent

(indeclinable)

जाग्रत् (jāgrat) - the waking state (waking, awake)

(adjective)

Nominative, singular of jāgrat

jāgrat - waking, awake, alert

Present Active Participle

Derived from root jājṛ (to wake) in present active participle form.

Root: jājṛ (class 2)

Note: Used substantively here to refer to the waking state.

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Present Indicative Passive 3rd Person Singular

Root vac, class 2, passive voice, present stem ucyate.

Root: vac (class 2)

क्षणभङ्गात् (kṣaṇabhaṅgāt) - due to momentary dissolution/destruction

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kṣaṇabhaṅga

kṣaṇabhaṅga - momentary destruction, impermanence, transience

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣaṇa+bhaṅga)

• kṣaṇa – moment, instant
  noun (masculine)
• bhaṅga – breaking, dissolution, destruction
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root bhañj (to break).
  Root: bhañj (class 7)

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, this

Note: Refers to the 'perceived stable reality'.

स्वप्नः (svapnaḥ) - dream, sleep

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svapna

svapna - sleep, dream

Derived from root svap (to sleep).

Root: svap (class 2)

यथा (yathā) - as, how, in which way

(indeclinable)

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, happens

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present Indicative Active 3rd Person Singular

Root bhū, class 1.

Root: bhū (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, this

Note: Object of 'śṛṇu'.

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative Active 2nd Person Singular

Root śru, class 5.

Root: śru (class 5)

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