योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-19, verse-32

सेवते वासनां यां तां सोऽन्तः पश्यति निद्रितः ।
पवनक्षोभितो रन्ध्रैर्बहिरक्षादिभिर्यथा ॥ ३२ ॥

sevate vāsanāṃ yāṃ tāṃ so'ntaḥ paśyati nidritaḥ ,
pavanakṣobhito randhrairbahirakṣādibhiryathā 32

32. sevate vāsanām yām tām saḥ antaḥ paśyati nidritaḥ
pavanakṣobhitaḥ randhraiḥ bahiḥ akṣādibhiḥ yathā

32. nidritaḥ saḥ yām vāsanām tāṃ sevate,
tāṃ antaḥ paśyati.
yathā pavanakṣobhitaḥ randhraiḥ akṣādibhiḥ bahiḥ (paśyati iti).

32. While asleep, a person internally perceives the particular latent impression (vāsanā) that he cultivates. This is just like someone, agitated by 'wind' (vital energy or mental disturbance), perceives external objects through the apertures (of the body) like the eyes.

Words meanings summery:

• सेवते (sevate) - cultivates or entertains a particular impression (vāsanā) (serves, attends, cultivates, dwells upon)

• वासनाम् (vāsanām) - a subtle mental impression or karmic imprint from past actions, shaping future experiences (impression, latent tendency, desire, perfume)

• याम् (yām) - referring to 'vāsanām' (which (feminine singular accusative))

• ताम् (tām) - referring to 'vāsanām', the specific impression (that (feminine singular accusative))

• सः (saḥ) - the sleeping person (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

• अन्तः (antaḥ) - referring to internal perception during sleep (within, inside, inwardly)

• पश्यति (paśyati) - the internal perception of latent impressions (sees, beholds, perceives)

• निद्रितः (nidritaḥ) - the state of the person experiencing vāsanās internally (asleep, sleeping, dormant)

• पवनक्षोभितः (pavanakṣobhitaḥ) - referring to a person whose mental faculties or vital energies (prāṇa, 'wind') are disturbed (agitated by wind, disturbed by air)

• रन्ध्रैः (randhraiḥ) - through the sensory organs or physical orifices (through openings, holes, apertures, deficiencies)

• बहिः (bahiḥ) - referring to external perception (outside, externally)

• अक्षादिभिः (akṣādibhiḥ) - referring to the means of external perception, specifically eyes and other sense organs (by eyes and others, by sense organs etc.)

• यथा (yathā) - introducing a comparison (as, just as, in which way)

Words meanings and morphology

सेवते (sevate) - cultivates or entertains a particular impression (vāsanā) (serves, attends, cultivates, dwells upon)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of sev

Present Tense

Root sev- (1st class, Ātmanepada).

Root: sev (class 1)

Note: The subject is implied (the sleeping person, 'saḥ').

वासनाम् (vāsanām) - a subtle mental impression or karmic imprint from past actions, shaping future experiences (impression, latent tendency, desire, perfume)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vāsanā

vāsanā - latent impression, mental trace, tendency, desire, perfume

Derived from root vas- (to dwell, to smell).

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Object of 'sevate'.

याम् (yām) - referring to 'vāsanām' (which (feminine singular accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Corresponds to 'tām'.

ताम् (tām) - referring to 'vāsanām', the specific impression (that (feminine singular accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, used as a correlative.

Note: Object of 'paśyati'.

सः (saḥ) - the sleeping person (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

अन्तः (antaḥ) - referring to internal perception during sleep (within, inside, inwardly)

(indeclinable)

Preposition/Adverb.

पश्यति (paśyati) - the internal perception of latent impressions (sees, beholds, perceives)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of paś

Present Tense

Present stem 'paśya' from root 'dṛś', 1st class, active voice.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

निद्रितः (nidritaḥ) - the state of the person experiencing vāsanās internally (asleep, sleeping, dormant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nidrita

nidrita - asleep, sleeping, slumbering

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root nidrā- (to sleep).

Root: nidrā

Note: Qualifies the implied subject 'saḥ'.

पवनक्षोभितः (pavanakṣobhitaḥ) - referring to a person whose mental faculties or vital energies (prāṇa, 'wind') are disturbed (agitated by wind, disturbed by air)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pavanakṣobhita

pavanakṣobhita - disturbed by wind, agitated by air/prāṇa

Compound (instrumental tatpuruṣa).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pavana+kṣobhita)

• pavana – wind, air, breath, vital air (prāṇa)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root pū- (to purify, move)
  Root: pū (class 1)
• kṣobhita – agitated, disturbed, shaken
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṣubh- (to agitate, disturb)
  Root: kṣubh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject of the simile.

रन्ध्रैः (randhraiḥ) - through the sensory organs or physical orifices (through openings, holes, apertures, deficiencies)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of randhra

randhra - hole, opening, aperture, cavity, weak point

Root: radh (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means through which perception occurs.

बहिः (bahiḥ) - referring to external perception (outside, externally)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

अक्षादिभिः (akṣādibhiḥ) - referring to the means of external perception, specifically eyes and other sense organs (by eyes and others, by sense organs etc.)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of akṣādi

akṣādi - beginning with the eye, eyes and so forth (referring to sense organs)

Compound (bahuvrīhi or tatpuruṣa, followed by suffix -ādi).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (akṣa+ādi)

• akṣa – eye, sense organ, die (for gambling), axle
  noun (masculine/neuter)
  Root: akṣ (class 1)
• ādi – beginning, et cetera, and so on
  indeclinable
  Suffix indicating 'etc.' or 'beginning with'.
  Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Indicates the means of external perception.

यथा (yathā) - introducing a comparison (as, just as, in which way)

(indeclinable)

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