योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-79, verse-25

आत्मानं दर्शनं दृश्यं को भासयति दृश्यवत् ।
कटकादीनि हेम्नेव विकीर्णं केन च त्रयम् ॥ २५ ॥

ātmānaṃ darśanaṃ dṛśyaṃ ko bhāsayati dṛśyavat ,
kaṭakādīni hemneva vikīrṇaṃ kena ca trayam 25

25. ātmānam darśanam dṛśyam kaḥ bhāsayati dṛśyavat
kaṭaka-ādīni hemna iva vīkīrṇam kena ca trayam

25. kaḥ ātmānam darśanam dṛśyam dṛśyavat bhāsayati?
ca kena trayam hemna iva kaṭakādīni vīkīrṇam?

25. Who causes the Self (ātman), the act of perception, and the perceived object to shine forth as distinct entities? And by whom is this triad (of Self, perception, and object) differentiated, just as bangles and other ornaments are made manifest by gold?

Words meanings summery:

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the Self (ātman) (the Self, soul, essence)

• दर्शनम् (darśanam) - the act of perception (seeing, perception, vision, philosophical system)

• दृश्यम् (dṛśyam) - the perceived object (visible, to be seen, object of sight, phenomenon)

• कः (kaḥ) - who (interrogative pronoun) (who, what)

• भासयति (bhāsayati) - causes to shine forth, illuminates (illuminates, causes to shine, makes manifest)

• दृश्यवत् (dṛśyavat) - as if they were distinct objects (like an object, as if visible)

• कटक-आदीनि (kaṭaka-ādīni) - bangles and other ornaments (bangles and so on, ornaments etc.)

• हेम्न (hemna) - by gold (of gold, by gold)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as it were)

• वीकीर्णम् (vīkīrṇam) - differentiated, made distinct (scattered, dispersed, differentiated)

• केन (kena) - by whom (by whom, by what)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• त्रयम् (trayam) - the triad (of Self, perception, and object) (triad, group of three)

Words meanings and morphology

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the Self (ātman) (the Self, soul, essence)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - Self, soul, spirit, essence

दर्शनम् (darśanam) - the act of perception (seeing, perception, vision, philosophical system)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of darśana

darśana - seeing, perception, observation, view, philosophical system

Note: Refers to the cognitive faculty or the process of seeing.

दृश्यम् (dṛśyam) - the perceived object (visible, to be seen, object of sight, phenomenon)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dṛśya

dṛśya - visible, to be seen, object of sight, phenomenon

Gerundive

From root dṛś- 'to see'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Used as a noun referring to the 'object of perception' or 'phenomenal world'.

कः (kaḥ) - who (interrogative pronoun) (who, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

भासयति (bhāsayati) - causes to shine forth, illuminates (illuminates, causes to shine, makes manifest)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhās

Causative present

Causative form of root bhās- 'to shine'

Root: bhās (class 1)

दृश्यवत् (dṛśyavat) - as if they were distinct objects (like an object, as if visible)

(indeclinable)

From dṛśya with suffix -vat (similarity)

कटक-आदीनि (kaṭaka-ādīni) - bangles and other ornaments (bangles and so on, ornaments etc.)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of kaṭakādi

kaṭakādi - bangles etc., ornaments etc.

Compound type : dvandva (kaṭaka+ādi)

• kaṭaka – bangle, bracelet
  noun (neuter)
• ādi – beginning, et cetera, and so on
  indeclinable

Note: Often treated as nominative or accusative, here accusative (implied object of 'illuminates').

हेम्न (hemna) - by gold (of gold, by gold)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of heman

heman - gold

Note: External sandhi `hemnā + iva` -> `hemneva`.

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as it were)

(indeclinable)

वीकीर्णम् (vīkīrṇam) - differentiated, made distinct (scattered, dispersed, differentiated)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vīkīrṇa

vīkīrṇa - scattered, dispersed, spread out, differentiated

Past Passive Participle

From root kīr- 'to scatter' with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: kīr (class 6)

Note: Refers to `trayam`.

केन (kena) - by whom (by whom, by what)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two questions.

त्रयम् (trayam) - the triad (of Self, perception, and object) (triad, group of three)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of traya

traya - triad, group of three