योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-77, verse-3

लताघनतया ग्रामकोटरैकान्ध्यमन्थरा ।
गृहचत्वरसंबाधे नगरे नवयौवना ॥ ३ ॥

latāghanatayā grāmakoṭaraikāndhyamantharā ,
gṛhacatvarasaṃbādhe nagare navayauvanā 3

3. latāghanatayā grāmakotaraikāndhyamantharā
gṛhacatvarasaṃbādhe nagare navayauvanā

3. sā (yāminī) latāghanatayā grāmakotaraikāndhyamantharā
nagare gṛhacatvarasaṃbādhe navayauvanā (babhūva)

3. The night became heavy and dark, creating a singular obscurity in village tree hollows due to dense creepers. And in the bustling courtyards of the city, it was at the peak of its darkness, like a fresh youth.

Words meanings summery:

• लताघनतया (latāghanatayā) - by the denseness/thickness of creepers

• ग्रामकोतरैकान्ध्यमन्थरा (grāmakotaraikāndhyamantharā) - sluggish due to the singular/absolute darkness of village tree hollows

• गृहचत्वरसंबाधे (gṛhacatvarasaṁbādhe) - in the crowded/restricted courtyards of houses

• नगरे (nagare) - in the city

• नवयौवना (navayauvanā) - In the context of night, means at its peak of darkness. (freshly youthful, in its prime, new youth)

Words meanings and morphology

लताघनतया (latāghanatayā) - by the denseness/thickness of creepers

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of latāghanatā

latāghanatā - denseness of creepers

Compound of latā (creeper) and ghanatā (denseness). ghanatā is derived from ghana + tā (abstract suffix).

Compound type : Ṣaṣṭhī Tatpuruṣa (latā+ghanatā)

• latā – creeper, vine
  noun (feminine)
• ghanatā – denseness, thickness
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from ghana (dense) with suffix -tā.

Note: Used adverbially to explain the cause.

ग्रामकोतरैकान्ध्यमन्थरा (grāmakotaraikāndhyamantharā) - sluggish due to the singular/absolute darkness of village tree hollows

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of grāmakotaraikāndhyamanthara

grāmakotaraikāndhyamanthara - sluggish with the absolute darkness of village tree hollows

Compound of grāmakotara (village tree hollow), ekāndhya (single/absolute darkness), and manthara (sluggish, slow).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (grāmakotara+ekāndhya+manthara)

• grāmakotara – village tree hollow
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of grāma (village) and koṭara (hollow of a tree).
• ekāndhya – singular/absolute darkness
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of eka (single/absolute) and āndhya (darkness/blindness).
• manthara – slow, sluggish, dull
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Refers to yāminī.

गृहचत्वरसंबाधे (gṛhacatvarasaṁbādhe) - in the crowded/restricted courtyards of houses

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of gṛhacatvarasaṃbādha

gṛhacatvarasaṁbādha - crowded/restricted courtyards of houses

Compound of gṛhacatvara (house courtyard) and saṃbādha (crowded, narrow, confined).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (gṛhacatvara+saṃbādha)

• gṛhacatvara – house courtyard
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of gṛha (house) and catvara (courtyard).
• saṃbādha – crowded, confined, restricted; a crowd, obstacle
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Derived from saṃ- (together) + √bādh (to oppress, crowd).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bādh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with nagare.

नगरे (nagare) - in the city

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of nagara

nagara - city, town

नवयौवना (navayauvanā) - In the context of night, means at its peak of darkness. (freshly youthful, in its prime, new youth)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of navayauvana

navayauvana - fresh youth, new youth

Compound of nava (new, fresh) and yauvana (youth).

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (nava+yauvana)

• nava – new, fresh, young
  adjective (masculine)
• yauvana – youth, prime of life
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to yāminī.

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