योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-7, verse-4

अहं धर्मं समातिष्ठे सिद्धयर्थं पुरुषर्षभ ।
तस्य विघ्नकरा घोरा राक्षसा मम संस्थिताः ॥ ४ ॥

ahaṃ dharmaṃ samātiṣṭhe siddhayarthaṃ puruṣarṣabha ,
tasya vighnakarā ghorā rākṣasā mama saṃsthitāḥ 4

4. aham dharmam samātiṣṭhe siddhyartham puruṣarṣabha |
tasya vighnakarāḥ ghorāḥ rākṣasāḥ mama saṃsthitāḥ ||

4. O best among men (puruṣarṣabha), I am performing this sacred duty (dharma) for its successful completion. However, terrible rākṣasas are stationed here to obstruct it.

4. אני מקיים את חוק הטבע המובנה למען השלמתו, הו מצטיין שבאדם. רָאקְשָאסָה (שדים קניבלים) איומים אורבים לי כדי להכשיל אותו.

Words meanings summery:

• अहम् (aham) - I

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - sacred duty, ritual observance (constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, sacred law, ritual)

• समातिष्ठे (samātiṣṭhe) - I undertake (this ritual) (I undertake, I perform, I stand firm)

• सिद्ध्यर्थम् (siddhyartham) - for its successful completion (for the purpose of success, for accomplishment)

• पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best among men, O foremost of men

• तस्य (tasya) - its (referring to the sacred duty/ritual) (its, of it, his, of him)

• विघ्नकराः (vighnakarāḥ) - obstructors, impediments

• घोराः (ghorāḥ) - terrible, dreadful, fierce

• राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - demons, evil spirits, rākṣasas

• मम (mama) - for me (meaning 'against me' or 'pertaining to my ritual') (my, of me)

• संस्थिताः (saṁsthitāḥ) - are stationed (here) (stationed, placed, present)

Words meanings and morphology

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

धर्मम् (dharmam) - sacred duty, ritual observance (constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, sacred law, ritual)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, sacred law, ritual

Derived from the root dhṛ 'to uphold, sustain'.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

समातिष्ठे (samātiṣṭhe) - I undertake (this ritual) (I undertake, I perform, I stand firm)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of sthā

Present Middle First Person Singular

Derived from root sthā (class 1) with upasargas sam and ā.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

सिद्ध्यर्थम् (siddhyartham) - for its successful completion (for the purpose of success, for accomplishment)

(indeclinable)

Formed by siddhi (success) + artha (purpose) in a tatpuruṣa compound, functions as an adverb.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (siddhi+artha)

• siddhi – success, accomplishment, attainment
  noun (feminine)
  Root: sidh (class 4)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, goal
  noun (masculine)

Note: Often functions as an adverb meaning 'for the sake of'.

पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best among men, O foremost of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - best among men, foremost of men

Tatpuruṣa compound of puruṣa (man) + ṛṣabha (bull, best).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, person, supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, foremost
  noun (masculine)

तस्य (tasya) - its (referring to the sacred duty/ritual) (its, of it, his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Can be masculine or neuter genitive singular. Here, referring to 'dharmam' (masculine).

विघ्नकराः (vighnakarāḥ) - obstructors, impediments

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vighnakara

vighnakara - causing obstruction, impeding

Formed from vighna (obstacle) + kara (doer, maker) in a tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vighna+kara)

• vighna – obstacle, impediment
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-han.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: han (class 2)
• kara – maker, doer, hand, ray
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṛ 'to do'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'rākṣasāḥ'.

घोराः (ghorāḥ) - terrible, dreadful, fierce

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, fierce

Note: Agrees with 'rākṣasāḥ'.

राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - demons, evil spirits, rākṣasas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, evil spirit, rākṣasa

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

मम (mama) - for me (meaning 'against me' or 'pertaining to my ritual') (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

संस्थिताः (saṁsthitāḥ) - are stationed (here) (stationed, placed, present)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃsthita

saṁsthita - stationed, placed, present, established

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā 'to stand' with upasarga sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rākṣasāḥ'. Implies 'they are stationed'.

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