योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-19, verse-20

अजस्रवाष्पवदनः कर्दमाक्तो जडाशयः ।
वर्षोक्षितस्य तप्तस्य स्थलस्य सदृशः शिशुः ॥ २० ॥

ajasravāṣpavadanaḥ kardamākto jaḍāśayaḥ ,
varṣokṣitasya taptasya sthalasya sadṛśaḥ śiśuḥ 20

20. ajasravāṣpavadanaḥ kardamāktaḥ jaḍāśayaḥ
varṣokṣitasya taptasya sthalasya sadṛśaḥ śiśuḥ

20. śiśuḥ ajasravāṣpavadanaḥ kardamāktaḥ jaḍāśayaḥ
varṣokṣitasya taptasya sthalasya sadṛśaḥ

20. A child, with a face perpetually wet with tears, smeared with mud, and having a dull disposition, is like a dry ground that has been drenched by rain and then scorched.

20. עם פנים שטופי דמעות תמידיות, מלוכלך בבוץ וחסר הבנה, הילד דומה לאדמה לוהטת שכיסה אותה גשם.

Words meanings summery:

• अजस्रवाष्पवदनः (ajasravāṣpavadanaḥ) - whose face is constantly wet with tears; having an incessantly tearful face

• कर्दमाक्तः (kardamāktaḥ) - smeared with mud, covered in dirt

• जडाशयः (jaḍāśayaḥ) - dull-minded, inert, stupid

• वर्षोक्षितस्य (varṣokṣitasya) - of that which is sprinkled/drenched by rain

• तप्तस्य (taptasya) - of that which is heated, scorched, distressed

• स्थलस्य (sthalasya) - of a dry land, of a place, of a ground

• सदृशः (sadṛśaḥ) - similar, like, resembling

• शिशुः (śiśuḥ) - a child, infant

Words meanings and morphology

अजस्रवाष्पवदनः (ajasravāṣpavadanaḥ) - whose face is constantly wet with tears; having an incessantly tearful face

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ajasravāṣpavadana

ajasravāṣpavadana - having a face wet with incessant tears

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ajasra+vāṣpa+vadana)

• ajasra – incessant, perpetual, continuous
  adjective
  From `a` (not) + `jasra` (exhausted)
  Prefix: a
• vāṣpa – tears, steam, vapor
  noun (masculine)
• vadana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies `śiśuḥ`.

कर्दमाक्तः (kardamāktaḥ) - smeared with mud, covered in dirt

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kardamākta

kardamākta - smeared with mud

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (kardama+ākta)

• kardama – mud, mire, dirt
  noun (masculine)
• ākta – smeared, anointed, touched
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √añj 'to anoint, smear'
  Prefix: ā
  Root: √añj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies `śiśuḥ`.

जडाशयः (jaḍāśayaḥ) - dull-minded, inert, stupid

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaḍāśaya

jaḍāśaya - dull-minded, inert, ignorant

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jaḍa+āśaya)

• jaḍa – cold, dull, inert, stupid
  adjective (masculine)
• āśaya – abode, mind, intention, disposition
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā

Note: Qualifies `śiśuḥ`.

वर्षोक्षितस्य (varṣokṣitasya) - of that which is sprinkled/drenched by rain

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of varṣokṣita

varṣokṣita - sprinkled by rain, drenched by rain

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (varṣa+ukṣita)

• varṣa – rain, a year
  noun (neuter)
  Root: √vṛṣ (class 1)
• ukṣita – sprinkled, moistened, watered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √ukṣ 'to sprinkle, moisten'
  Root: √ukṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `sthalasya`.

तप्तस्य (taptasya) - of that which is heated, scorched, distressed

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tapta

tapta - heated, scorched, distressed

Past Passive Participle

From √tap 'to heat, to suffer'

Root: √tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `sthalasya`.

स्थलस्य (sthalasya) - of a dry land, of a place, of a ground

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sthala

sthala - dry ground, land, place, spot

Note: The object of comparison for the child.

सदृशः (sadṛśaḥ) - similar, like, resembling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sadṛśa

sadṛśa - like, similar, resembling, equal to

From `sa` (with) + `dṛś` (appearance)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+dṛśa)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• dṛśa – appearance, sight
  noun (masculine)
  From √dṛś 'to see'
  Root: √dṛś (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective, qualifying `śiśuḥ`.

शिशुः (śiśuḥ) - a child, infant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śiśu

śiśu - a child, infant, young animal

Note: Subject of the sentence.

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