वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-20, verse-20

एवमुक्त्वा दशग्रीवो मुनिं तमभिवाद्य च ।
प्रययौ दक्षिणामाशां प्रहृष्टैः सह मन्त्रिभिः ॥२०॥

20. evamuktvā daśagrīvo muniṃ tamabhivādya ca ,
prayayau dakṣiṇāmāśāṃ prahṛṣṭaiḥ saha mantribhiḥ.

20. evam uktvā daśagrīvaḥ munim tam abhivādya ca
prayayau dakṣiṇām āśām prahṛṣṭaiḥ saha mantribhiḥ

20. daśagrīvaḥ evam uktvā ca tam munim abhivādya
prahṛṣṭaiḥ mantribhiḥ saha dakṣiṇām āśām prayayau

20. Having thus spoken and having saluted that sage, Daśagrīva (Ravana) departed for the southern direction along with his delighted ministers.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - Daśagrīva, the ten-necked one (Ravana)

• मुनिम् (munim) - the sage, the ascetic

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted, having honored, having bowed down to

• च (ca) - and

• प्रययौ (prayayau) - he went, he departed, he proceeded

• दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - southern, to the south

• आशाम् (āśām) - southern direction (direction, region)

• प्रहृष्टैः (prahṛṣṭaiḥ) - with delighted ones, with joyful ones

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• मन्त्रिभिः (mantribhiḥ) - with ministers, with counselors

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'uktvā'.

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form from vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Connects actions; main verb is 'prayayau'.

दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - Daśagrīva, the ten-necked one (Ravana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśagrīva

daśagrīva - having ten necks; Ravana

Compound type : bahuvrihi (daśan+grīva)

• daśan – ten
  numeral
• grīva – neck
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

मुनिम् (munim) - the sage, the ascetic

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - a sage, ascetic, saint

Note: Object of 'abhivādya'.

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Refers to 'munim'.

अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted, having honored, having bowed down to

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form from abhi-vad (to salute)

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Connects actions; main verb is 'prayayau'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'uktvā' and 'abhivādya'.

प्रययौ (prayayau) - he went, he departed, he proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of prayā

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - southern, to the south

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dakṣiṇā

dakṣiṇā - southern, right (direction)

आशाम् (āśām) - southern direction (direction, region)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āśā

āśā - direction, region, hope, desire

Note: Object of motion for 'prayayau'.

प्रहृष्टैः (prahṛṣṭaiḥ) - with delighted ones, with joyful ones

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prahṛṣṭa

prahṛṣṭa - delighted, joyful, thrilled

Past Passive Participle

From pra-hṛṣ (to be delighted)

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'mantribhiḥ'.

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Ravana's departure with his ministers.

मन्त्रिभिः (mantribhiḥ) - with ministers, with counselors

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mantrin

mantrin - minister, counselor