वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-43, verse-27

ते तु वृक्षैर्महावेगा राक्षसानां चमूमुखे ।
कदनं सुमह चक्रुर्लीलया हरियूथपाः ॥२७॥

27. te tu vṛkṣairmahāvegā rākṣasānāṃ camūmukhe ,
kadanaṃ sumaha cakrurlīlayā hariyūthapāḥ.

27. te tu vṛkṣaiḥ mahāvegāḥ rākṣasānām camūmukhe
kadanam sumahat cakruḥ līlayā hariyūthapāḥ

27. tu te mahāvegāḥ hariyūthapāḥ vṛkṣaiḥ rākṣasānām
camūmukhe sumahat kadanam līlayā चक्रुः

27. Indeed, those impetuous monkey chiefs playfully wrought a very great slaughter at the forefront of the rākṣasa army using trees.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they, those

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• वृक्षैः (vṛkṣaiḥ) - with trees

• महावेगाः (mahāvegāḥ) - impetuous, of great speed

• राक्षसानाम् (rākṣasānām) - of the rākṣasas, belonging to the demons

• चमूमुखे (camūmukhe) - at the forefront of the army, in the vanguard

• कदनम् (kadanam) - slaughter, destruction, killing

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, immense

• चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they made, they did, they performed

• लीलया (līlayā) - playfully, with ease, sportively

• हरियूथपाः (hariyūthapāḥ) - monkey chiefs, leaders of monkeys

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the monkeys from the previous verse.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

वृक्षैः (vṛkṣaiḥ) - with trees

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vṛkṣa

vṛkṣa - a tree

महावेगाः (mahāvegāḥ) - impetuous, of great speed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāvega

mahāvega - of great speed, very swift, impetuous

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+vega)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• vega – speed, force, impetus
  noun (masculine)
  from √vij (to move quickly)
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'hariyūthapāḥ'.

राक्षसानाम् (rākṣasānām) - of the rākṣasas, belonging to the demons

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - a demon, an evil spirit, a giant

चमूमुखे (camūmukhe) - at the forefront of the army, in the vanguard

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of camūmukha

camūmukha - front of an army, vanguard

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (camū+mukha)

• camū – an army, a troop
  noun (feminine)
• mukha – face, mouth, front, chief part
  noun (neuter)

कदनम् (kadanam) - slaughter, destruction, killing

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kadana

kadana - slaughter, killing, destruction

from √kad (to be bewildered, to kill)

Root: kad (class 1)

सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, immense

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, immense

su (good, excellent) + mahat (great)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, excellent, very
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)

चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they made, they did, they performed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of kṛ

Perfect tense, Active voice, 3rd person plural

Reduplicated root, Parasmaipada ending -uḥ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

लीलया (līlayā) - playfully, with ease, sportively

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of līlā

līlā - play, sport, amusement, ease

हरियूथपाः (hariyūthapāḥ) - monkey chiefs, leaders of monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hariyūthapa

hariyūthapa - a chief of monkeys, monkey leader

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hari+yūthapa)

• hari – a monkey
  noun (masculine)
• yūthapa – a chief of a troop, a leader
  noun (masculine)
  from yūtha (troop) + pa (protector, leader)