वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-43, verse-1

धूम्राक्षं निहतं श्रुत्वा रावणो राक्षसेश्वरः ।
बलाध्यक्षमुवाचेदं कृताञ्जलिमुपस्थितम् ॥१॥

1. dhūmrākṣaṃ nihataṃ śrutvā rāvaṇo rākṣaseśvaraḥ ,
balādhyakṣamuvācedaṃ kṛtāñjalimupasthitam.

1. dhūmrākṣam nihatam śrutvā rāvaṇaḥ rākṣaseśvaraḥ
balādhyakṣam uvāca idam kṛtāñjalim upasthitam

1. rāvaṇaḥ rākṣaseśvaraḥ dhūmrākṣam nihatam śrutvā
kṛtāñjalim upasthitam balādhyakṣam idam uvāca

1. Having heard that Dhūmrākṣa was killed, Rāvaṇa, the lord of the rākṣasas, spoke these words to the commander of the army, who stood before him with folded hands.

Words meanings summery:

• धूम्राक्षम् (dhūmrākṣam) - Dhūmrākṣa (a proper name)

• निहतम् (nihatam) - killed; struck down; slain

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; having listened

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (proper name)

• राक्षसेश्वरः (rākṣaseśvaraḥ) - Rāvaṇa, as the king of the rākṣasas (lord of the rākṣasas (demons))

• बलाध्यक्षम् (balādhyakṣam) - commander of the army; superintendent of forces

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke; said

• इदम् (idam) - this; these words

• कृताञ्जलिम् (kṛtāñjalim) - with folded hands; having made an añjali (gesture of reverence)

• उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - standing respectfully before Rāvaṇa (present; standing near; attended)

Words meanings and morphology

धूम्राक्षम् (dhūmrākṣam) - Dhūmrākṣa (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhūmrākṣa

dhūmrākṣa - Dhūmrākṣa (a name, literally 'smoky-eyed')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhūmra+akṣa)

• dhūmra – smoke-colored; grey; dusky
  adjective
• akṣa – eye
  noun (neuter)

निहतम् (nihatam) - killed; struck down; slain

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed; struck down; slain; destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'ni' + root 'han' (to strike, kill)

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used here adjectivally to modify Dhūmrākṣa.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; having listened

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Formed from root 'śru' (to hear) with suffix '-tvā'

Root: śru (class 5)

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (the primary antagonist of the Rāmāyaṇa)

राक्षसेश्वरः (rākṣaseśvaraḥ) - Rāvaṇa, as the king of the rākṣasas (lord of the rākṣasas (demons))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣaseśvara

rākṣaseśvara - lord of rākṣasas (demons)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+īśvara)

• rākṣasa – rākṣasa; demon; fiend
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord; master; ruler
  noun (masculine)

बलाध्यक्षम् (balādhyakṣam) - commander of the army; superintendent of forces

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of balādhyakṣa

balādhyakṣa - commander of the army; superintendent of forces

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bala+adhyakṣa)

• bala – strength; power; army; force
  noun (neuter)
• adhyakṣa – superintendent; overseer; chief
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke; said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this; these words

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this; this one; these

कृताञ्जलिम् (kṛtāñjalim) - with folded hands; having made an añjali (gesture of reverence)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtāñjali

kṛtāñjali - one who has made the añjali gesture (folded hands)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+añjali)

• kṛta – done; made; performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'kṛ' (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• añjali – folded hands (a gesture of respect)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'balādhyakṣam'.

उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - standing respectfully before Rāvaṇa (present; standing near; attended)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upasthita

upasthita - standing near; present; approached; attended

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'upa' + root 'sthā' (to stand)

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'balādhyakṣam'.