वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-43, verse-18

शब्दश्च सुमहांस्तेषां नर्दतामभिधावताम् ।
श्रूयते तुमुले युद्धे न रूपाणि चकाशिरे ॥१८॥

18. śabdaśca sumahāṃsteṣāṃ nardatāmabhidhāvatām ,
śrūyate tumule yuddhe na rūpāṇi cakāśire.

18. śabdaḥ ca sumahān teṣām nardatām abhidhāvatām
śrūyate tumule yuddhe na rūpāṇi cakāśire

18. tumule yuddhe teṣām nardatām abhidhāvatām ca sumahān śabdaḥ śrūyate,
rūpāṇi ca na cakāśire

18. In the tumultuous battle, a very great sound of those roaring and charging was heard, but their figures were not visible.

Words meanings summery:

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - loud sound (sound, noise, word)

• च (ca) - and, also

• सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great (sound) (very great, mighty, enormous)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (combatants) (of them, their)

• नर्दताम् (nardatām) - of those (combatants) roaring (of those roaring/shouting)

• अभिधावताम् (abhidhāvatām) - of those (combatants) charging (of those rushing towards, charging, attacking)

• श्रूयते (śrūyate) - is heard

• तुमुले (tumule) - in the tumultuous (battle) (in the tumultuous, in the noisy, in the violent)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in the battle, in the fight

• न (na) - not, no

• रूपाणि (rūpāṇi) - the visible figures (of combatants) (forms, shapes, figures, appearances)

• चकाशिरे (cakāśire) - were visible (shone, appeared, were visible)

Words meanings and morphology

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - loud sound (sound, noise, word)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word, voice

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great (sound) (very great, mighty, enormous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, mighty, enormous

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+mahat)

• su – good, excellent, very, well
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'śabdaḥ'.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (combatants) (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the combatants implied in 'nardatām abhidhāvatām'.

नर्दताम् (nardatām) - of those (combatants) roaring (of those roaring/shouting)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nardat

nardat - roaring, shouting, bellowing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root nard 'to roar, shout'

Root: nard (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'teṣām'.

अभिधावताम् (abhidhāvatām) - of those (combatants) charging (of those rushing towards, charging, attacking)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of abhidhāvat

abhidhāvat - rushing towards, charging, attacking

Present Active Participle

Derived from root dhāv 'to run' with upasarga abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'teṣām'.

श्रूयते (śrūyate) - is heard

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of śru

Passive voice formation (yak-ending)

Root: śru (class 5)

तुमुले (tumule) - in the tumultuous (battle) (in the tumultuous, in the noisy, in the violent)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, noisy, violent, agitated

Note: Agrees with 'yuddhe'.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in the battle, in the fight

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

Derived from root yudh 'to fight'

Root: yudh (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

रूपाणि (rūpāṇi) - the visible figures (of combatants) (forms, shapes, figures, appearances)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, figure, beauty, appearance

Note: Refers to the visible forms/figures of the combatants.

चकाशिरे (cakāśire) - were visible (shone, appeared, were visible)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of kāś

Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Used here in the sense of 'were visible' or 'appeared'.