वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-43, verse-11

तेन शब्देन वित्रस्ता वानराणां महाचमूः ।
द्रुमशैलप्रहरणा योद्धुं समवतिष्ठत ॥११॥

11. tena śabdena vitrastā vānarāṇāṃ mahācamūḥ ,
drumaśailapraharaṇā yoddhuṃ samavatiṣṭhata.

11. tena śabdena vitrastā vānarāṇām mahācamūḥ
drumaśailapraharaṇā yoddhum samavatiṣṭhata

11. tena śabdena vitrastā drumaśailapraharaṇā
vānarāṇām mahācamūḥ yoddhum samavatiṣṭhata

11. Terrified by that sound, the great army of monkeys, armed with trees and rocks as their weapons, took its stand to fight.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by that

• शब्देन (śabdena) - by the sound, by the noise

• वित्रस्ता (vitrastā) - terrified, frightened

• वानराणाम् (vānarāṇām) - of the monkeys

• महाचमूः (mahācamūḥ) - the great army

• द्रुमशैलप्रहरणा (drumaśailapraharaṇā) - having trees and rocks as weapons

• योद्धुम् (yoddhum) - to fight

• समवतिष्ठत (samavatiṣṭhata) - it took its stand, was ready

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शब्देन (śabdena) - by the sound, by the noise

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, word, noise

Root: śabd (class 1)

वित्रस्ता (vitrastā) - terrified, frightened

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vitrasta

vitrasta - terrified, frightened, alarmed

Past Passive Participle

PPP of vi-√tras (to tremble, to be terrified)

Prefix: vi

Root: tras (class 1)

वानराणाम् (vānarāṇām) - of the monkeys

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey

Root: van

Note: Qualifies 'mahācamūḥ'.

महाचमूः (mahācamūḥ) - the great army

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahācamū

mahācamū - great army, large force

Feminine noun ending in ū. Nominative singular feminine

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+camū)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• camū – army, host
  noun (feminine)
  Root: cam (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'samavatiṣṭhata'.

द्रुमशैलप्रहरणा (drumaśailapraharaṇā) - having trees and rocks as weapons

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of drumaśailapraharaṇa

drumaśailapraharaṇa - having trees and rocks as weapons

Nominative singular feminine (agrees with mahācamūḥ)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (druma+śaila+praharaṇa)

• druma – tree
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dru (class 1)
• śaila – rock, mountain, stone
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śī
• praharaṇa – weapon, striking instrument
  noun (neuter)
  from pra-√hṛ (to strike, throw)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

योद्धुम् (yoddhum) - to fight

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form from √yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Expresses purpose.

समवतिष्ठत (samavatiṣṭhata) - it took its stand, was ready

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle (ātmanepada), imperfect (laṅ) of samavasthā

Imperfect

3rd person singular imperfect active (ātmanepada), from sam-ava-√sthā

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: sthā (class 1)