वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-16, verse-8

कश्च सेनापतिस्तेषां वानराणां महौजसाम् ।
एतज्ज्ञात्वा यथातत्त्वं शीघ्रमगन्तुमर्हथः ॥८॥

8. kaśca senāpatisteṣāṃ vānarāṇāṃ mahaujasām ,
etajjñātvā yathātattvaṃ śīghramagantumarhathaḥ.

8. kaḥ ca senāpatiḥ teṣām vānarāṇām mahaujasām etat
jñātvā yathātattvam śīghram agantum arhathaḥ

8. teṣām mahaujasām vānarāṇām kaḥ ca senāpatiḥ etat
yathātattvam jñātvā śīghram agantum arhathaḥ

8. And who is the commander of those mighty monkeys? Having truly understood this, you two should promptly go.

Words meanings summery:

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• च (ca) - and, also

• सेनापतिः (senāpatiḥ) - commander of an army, general

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those

• वानराणाम् (vānarāṇām) - of the monkeys

• महौजसाम् (mahaujasām) - of those mighty monkeys (of the mighty, of great energy)

• एतत् (etat) - this (neuter)

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood

• यथातत्त्वम् (yathātattvam) - truly, exactly, according to the truth

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

• अगन्तुम् (agantum) - to go, to proceed

• अर्हथः (arhathaḥ) - you (dual) ought, should, are able

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सेनापतिः (senāpatiḥ) - commander of an army, general

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of senāpati

senāpati - commander of an army, general

Compound type : tatpurusha (senā+pati)

• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)
• pati – master, lord, husband, chief
  noun (masculine)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वानराणाम् (vānarāṇām) - of the monkeys

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

महौजसाम् (mahaujasām) - of those mighty monkeys (of the mighty, of great energy)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mahojas

mahojas - mighty, greatly powerful, of great energy

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ojas)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ojas – power, energy, strength, vigor
  noun (neuter)

एतत् (etat) - this (neuter)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root jñā with suffix -tvā.

Root: jñā (class 9)

यथातत्त्वम् (yathātattvam) - truly, exactly, according to the truth

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+tattva)

• yathā – as, how, in which way
  indeclinable
• tattva – truth, reality, essence
  noun (neuter)

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

अगन्तुम् (agantum) - to go, to proceed

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of gam

Infinitive

From root gam with suffix -tum.

Root: gam (class 1)

अर्हथः (arhathaḥ) - you (dual) ought, should, are able

(verb)

2nd person , dual, active, present (lat) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)