वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-16, verse-13

तौ ददर्श महातेजाः प्रच्छन्नौ च विभीषणः ।
आचचक्षे ऽथ रामाय गृहीत्वा शुकसारणौ ।
लङ्कायाः समनुप्राप्तौ चारौ परपुरंजयौ ॥१३॥

13. tau dadarśa mahātejāḥ pracchannau ca vibhīṣaṇaḥ ,
ācacakṣe'tha rāmāya gṛhītvā śukasāraṇau ,
laṅkāyāḥ samanuprāptau cārau parapuraṃjayau.

13. tau dadarśa mahātejāḥ pracchannau
ca vibhīṣaṇaḥ | ācacakshe atha rāmāya
gṛhītvā śukasāraṇau | laṅkāyāḥ
samanuprāptau cārau parapurañjayau

13. mahātejāḥ vibhīṣaṇaḥ tau pracchannau
ca dadarśa atha parapurañjayau
cārau laṅkāyāḥ samanuprāptau
śukasāraṇau gṛhītvā rāmāya ācacakshe

13. The greatly effulgent Vibhīṣaṇa saw those two hidden individuals. Then, having captured Śuka and Sāraṇa, who had arrived from Laṅkā as spies capable of penetrating enemy fortresses, he reported this to Rāma.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - those two (spies, Śuka and Sāraṇa) (those two, them)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

• महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - greatly effulgent (Vibhīṣaṇa) (great-spirited, greatly effulgent)

• प्रच्छन्नौ (pracchannau) - those two hidden (spies) (hidden, concealed)

• च (ca) - and

• विभीषणः (vibhīṣaṇaḥ) - Vibhīṣaṇa

• आचचक्स्हे (ācacakshe) - he reported, he narrated

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

• रामाय (rāmāya) - to Rāma

• गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having seized, having captured

• शुकसारणौ (śukasāraṇau) - Śuka and Sāraṇa

• लङ्कायाः (laṅkāyāḥ) - from Laṅkā (from Laṅkā, of Laṅkā)

• समनुप्राप्तौ (samanuprāptau) - those two who had arrived (spies) (who had arrived, having arrived)

• चारौ (cārau) - two spies, two informers

• परपुरञ्जयौ (parapurañjayau) - spies capable of penetrating enemy fortresses (conquerors of enemy cities)

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - those two (spies, Śuka and Sāraṇa) (those two, them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - greatly effulgent (Vibhīṣaṇa) (great-spirited, greatly effulgent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātejas

mahātejas - great splendor, great energy, greatly effulgent

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mahat+tejas)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• tejas – splendor, radiance, energy, vigor
  noun (neuter)

प्रच्छन्नौ (pracchannau) - those two hidden (spies) (hidden, concealed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of pracchanna

pracchanna - hidden, concealed, covered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'chad' with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: chad (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विभीषणः (vibhīṣaṇaḥ) - Vibhīṣaṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vibhīṣaṇa

vibhīṣaṇa - Vibhīṣaṇa (proper name, brother of Rāvaṇa)

आचचक्स्हे (ācacakshe) - he reported, he narrated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of cakṣ

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

रामाय (rāmāya) - to Rāma

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper name, central figure of the Rāmāyaṇa)

गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having seized, having captured

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Root: grah (class 9)

शुकसारणौ (śukasāraṇau) - Śuka and Sāraṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of śukasāraṇa

śukasāraṇa - Śuka and Sāraṇa (names of Rāvaṇa's spies)

Dvandva compound of two proper names.

Compound type : Dvandva (śuka+sāraṇa)

• śuka – Śuka (proper name), parrot
  proper noun (masculine)
• sāraṇa – Sāraṇa (proper name), guide, driver
  proper noun (masculine)

लङ्कायाः (laṅkāyāḥ) - from Laṅkā (from Laṅkā, of Laṅkā)

(proper noun)

Ablative, feminine, singular of laṅkā

laṅkā - Laṅkā (proper name, the capital of Rāvaṇa's kingdom)

समनुप्राप्तौ (samanuprāptau) - those two who had arrived (spies) (who had arrived, having arrived)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of samanuprāpta

samanuprāpta - having arrived, reached, obtained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'āp' with prefixes 'sam' and 'anu'

Prefixes: sam+anu+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

चारौ (cārau) - two spies, two informers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of cāra

cāra - spy, informer, messenger

परपुरञ्जयौ (parapurañjayau) - spies capable of penetrating enemy fortresses (conquerors of enemy cities)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of parapurañjaya

parapurañjaya - conqueror of enemy cities/forts

Compound type : Upapada Tatpuruṣa (para+pura+jaya)

• para – other, enemy, foreign
  adjective (masculine)
• pura – city, fortress, town
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest, victorious, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'ji' (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)