वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-109, verse-1

तां रात्रिमुषितं रामं सुखोत्थितमरिंदमम् ।
अब्रवीत् प्राञ्जलिर्वाक्यं जयं पृष्ट्वा विभीषणः ॥१॥

1. tāṃ rātrimuṣitaṃ rāmaṃ sukhotthitamariṃdamam ,
abravīt prāñjalirvākyaṃ jayaṃ pṛṣṭvā vibhīṣaṇaḥ.

1. tām rātrim uṣitam rāmam sukhotthitam arindamam
abravīt prāñjaliḥ vākyam jayam pṛṣṭvā vibhīṣaṇaḥ

1. vibhīṣaṇaḥ jayam pṛṣṭvā prāñjaliḥ tām rātrim
uṣitam sukhotthitam arindamam rāmam vākyam abravīt

1. Having inquired about his victory, Vibhīṣaṇa, with folded hands, spoke these words to Rāma, the subduer of enemies, who had spent that night there and now risen comfortably.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - that (night) (that (feminine accusative singular))

• रात्रिम् (rātrim) - night (accusative singular)

• उषितम् (uṣitam) - who had spent (the night) (stayed, spent, dwelt)

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rāma (accusative singular)

• सुखोत्थितम् (sukhotthitam) - comfortably arisen, happily awakened

• अरिन्दमम् (arindamam) - subduer of enemies

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands, reverently

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - these words (word, speech, sentence)

• जयम् (jayam) - his victory (victory, triumph)

• पृष्ट्वा (pṛṣṭvā) - having inquired about (having asked, having inquired)

• विभीषणः (vibhīṣaṇaḥ) - Vibhīṣaṇa (nominative singular)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - that (night) (that (feminine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

रात्रिम् (rātrim) - night (accusative singular)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

Note: Refers to the duration of the night spent.

उषितम् (uṣitam) - who had spent (the night) (stayed, spent, dwelt)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of uṣita

uṣita - dwelt, stayed, spent (time)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vas' (to dwell) as past passive participle, in irregular form.

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rāmam'.

रामम् (rāmam) - Rāma (accusative singular)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of the hero of Rāmāyaṇa)

Note: Object of the verb 'abravīt'.

सुखोत्थितम् (sukhotthitam) - comfortably arisen, happily awakened

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sukhotthita

sukhotthita - comfortably risen, happily awakened

Past Passive Participle

Compound: 'sukhena utthita' (risen with comfort). 'Utthita' is PPP of root 'sthā' with prefix 'ud-'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sukha+utthita)

• sukha – comfort, happiness, ease
  noun (neuter)
• utthita – risen, stood up, emerged
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'ud-'
  Prefix: ud
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rāmam'.

अरिन्दमम् (arindamam) - subduer of enemies

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arindama

arindama - subduer of enemies, enemy-destroying

Compound: 'ariṃ damayati iti' (one who subdues enemies). Formed from 'ari' (enemy) and 'dam' (to subdue).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy
  noun (masculine)
• dama – subduing, taming
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dam' (to subdue)
  Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'rāmam'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Tense

Imperfect tense 3rd person singular active of root 'brū'.

Root: brū (class 2)

प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands, reverently

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāñjali

prāñjali - with folded hands, respectful gesture

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'pragataḥ añjaliḥ yena saḥ' (one whose Añjali is advanced/made).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pra+añjali)

• pra – forward, forth, before
  indeclinable
• añjali – folded hands, respectful gesture, hollow of the hands
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'Vibhīṣaṇaḥ'.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - these words (word, speech, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, declaration

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

जयम् (jayam) - his victory (victory, triumph)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, triumph, conquest

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Object of the gerund 'pṛṣṭvā'.

पृष्ट्वा (pṛṣṭvā) - having inquired about (having asked, having inquired)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root 'prach' (to ask).

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Indicates a preceding action by the subject Vibhīṣaṇa.

विभीषणः (vibhīṣaṇaḥ) - Vibhīṣaṇa (nominative singular)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vibhīṣaṇa

vibhīṣaṇa - Vibhīṣaṇa (name of Rāvaṇa's brother and ally of Rāma)

Note: Subject of the verb 'abravīt'.

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