वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-16, verse-9

तं तु तारा परिष्वज्य वालिनं प्रियवादिनी ।
चकार रुदती मन्दं दक्षिणा सा प्रदक्षिणम् ॥९॥

9. taṃ tu tārā pariṣvajya vālinaṃ priyavādinī ,
cakāra rudatī mandaṃ dakṣiṇā sā pradakṣiṇam.

9. tam tu tārā pariṣvajya vālinam priyavādinī
cakāra rudatī mandam dakṣiṇā sā pradakṣiṇam

9. tu sā priyavādinī tārā rudatī mandam vālinam pariṣvajya tam dakṣiṇā pradakṣiṇam cakāra.

9. But that sweet-speaking Tārā, embracing Vālin, tearfully and slowly performed circumambulation (pradakṣiṇam) to his right side.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• तारा (tārā) - Tara, the wife of Vali (Tara)

• परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - having embraced

• वालिनम् (vālinam) - Vali

• प्रियवादिनी (priyavādinī) - sweet-speaking, speaking kindly

• चकार (cakāra) - she did, she made, she performed

• रुदती (rudatī) - crying, weeping

• मन्दम् (mandam) - slowly, gently, softly

• दक्षिणा (dakṣiṇā) - on his right side, clockwise (as part of pradakṣiṇam) (right, southern, skillful)

• सा (sā) - she, that

• प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - a ritual circumambulation, keeping Vali to her right side (circumambulation (clockwise), keeping the right side towards the object)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, him

Accusative singular of 'tad' (masculine).

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Particle.

तारा (tārā) - Tara, the wife of Vali (Tara)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tārā

tārā - Tara (name of Vali's wife); star

परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - having embraced

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'ṣvaj' (class 1, to embrace) with prefix 'pari' and suffix '-ya'.

Prefix: pari

Root: ṣvaj (class 1)

वालिनम् (vālinam) - Vali

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vālin

vālin - Vali (name of the monkey king, husband of Tara)

प्रियवादिनी (priyavādinī) - sweet-speaking, speaking kindly

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of priyavādin

priyavādin - speaking kindly, sweet-speaking, pleasant-spoken

Agent Noun / Adjective

Compound of 'priya' (dear, pleasing) and 'vādin' (speaker, from root 'vad'). Feminine form.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (priya+vādin)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing
  adjective (masculine)
• vādin – speaker, one who speaks
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root 'vad' (class 1, to speak) with agent suffix '-in'.
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'Tārā'.

चकार (cakāra) - she did, she made, she performed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect Tense

Root 'kṛ' (class 8). Third person singular, perfect tense, active voice.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

रुदती (rudatī) - crying, weeping

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rudat

rudat - crying, weeping

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'rud' (class 2, to cry, weep) with present participle suffix '-at'. Feminine form.

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'Tārā'.

मन्दम् (mandam) - slowly, gently, softly

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular neuter of the adjective 'manda', used adverbially.

Root: mand (class 1)

दक्षिणा (dakṣiṇā) - on his right side, clockwise (as part of pradakṣiṇam) (right, southern, skillful)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dakṣiṇa

dakṣiṇa - right (side), southern, clever, skillful

Root: dakṣ (class 1)

सा (sā) - she, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Nominative singular of 'tad' (feminine).

प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - a ritual circumambulation, keeping Vali to her right side (circumambulation (clockwise), keeping the right side towards the object)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pradakṣiṇa

pradakṣiṇa - respectful circumambulation (keeping the right side towards the object), moving clockwise

Compound of 'pra' (forward) and 'dakṣiṇa' (right).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pra+dakṣiṇa)

• pra – forward, forth, before
  indeclinable
  Prefix or adverb.
• dakṣiṇa – right, southern
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: dakṣ (class 1)