वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-16, verse-3

अधर्षितानां शूराणां समरेष्वनिवर्तिनाम् ।
धर्षणामर्षणं भीरु मरणादतिरिच्यते ॥३॥

3. adharṣitānāṃ śūrāṇāṃ samareṣvanivartinām ,
dharṣaṇāmarṣaṇaṃ bhīru maraṇādatiricyate.

3. adhṛṣitānām śūrāṇām samareṣu anivartinām
dharṣaṇāmarṣaṇam bhīru maraṇāt atiricyate

3. bhīru adhṛṣitānām samareṣu anivartinām
śūrāṇām dharṣaṇāmarṣaṇam maraṇāt atiricyate

3. For brave heroes who are undaunted and never retreat from battles, O timid one, the indignation (amarṣaṇa) caused by humiliation (dharṣaṇa) is worse than death.

Words meanings summery:

• अधृषितानाम् (adhṛṣitānām) - of the undaunted, of the unmolested, of the invincible

• शूराणाम् (śūrāṇām) - of heroes, of brave men

• समरेषु (samareṣu) - in battles, in conflicts

• अनिवर्तिनाम् (anivartinām) - of those who do not retreat, of the non-retreating

• धर्षणामर्षणम् (dharṣaṇāmarṣaṇam) - indignation caused by humiliation (humiliation and indignation, intolerance of insult)

• भीरु (bhīru) - Addressed to Tārā. (O timid one, O fearful one)

• मरणात् (maraṇāt) - from death, than death

• अतिरिच्यते (atiricyate) - is worse than (is surpassed, exceeds, is superior to, remains over)

Words meanings and morphology

अधृषितानाम् (adhṛṣitānām) - of the undaunted, of the unmolested, of the invincible

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of adhṛṣita

adhṛṣita - unmolested, unassailable, undaunted, invincible

Past Passive Participle

Formed with 'a' (negation) + root 'dhṛṣ' (to be bold, daring) + suffix 'kta' (ppp).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dhṛṣita)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• dhṛṣita – dared, assaulted, molested, bold
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhṛṣ
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies śūrāṇām.

शूराणाम् (śūrāṇām) - of heroes, of brave men

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, brave man, warrior

समरेषु (samareṣu) - in battles, in conflicts

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

Derived from sam + root smṛ 'to remember, to meet'.

Prefix: sam

Root: smṛ (class 1)

अनिवर्तिनाम् (anivartinām) - of those who do not retreat, of the non-retreating

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of anivartin

anivartin - not retreating, not turning back, unwavering

Agent Noun / Possessive Suffix 'in'

'a' (negation) + 'ni' (down) + 'vṛt' (to turn) + 'in' (agent suffix).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nivartin)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• nivartin – retreating, returning, turning back
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun / Possessive Suffix 'in'
  From ni + root vṛt
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Qualifies śūrāṇām.

धर्षणामर्षणम् (dharṣaṇāmarṣaṇam) - indignation caused by humiliation (humiliation and indignation, intolerance of insult)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dharṣaṇāmarṣaṇa

dharṣaṇāmarṣaṇa - humiliation and intolerance/indignation (Dvanda), or intolerance caused by humiliation (Tatpurusha)

Compound of dharṣaṇa (act of molesting/insulting) and amarṣaṇa (intolerance/indignation).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharṣaṇa+amarṣaṇa)

• dharṣaṇa – assault, molestation, humiliation, insult
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  From root dhṛṣ + ana (suffix for action nouns)
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)
• amarṣaṇa – intolerance, indignation, impatience, wrath
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  From a (negation) + root mṛṣ (to bear, tolerate) + ana (suffix for action nouns)
  Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of atiricyate.

भीरु (bhīru) - Addressed to Tārā. (O timid one, O fearful one)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of bhīru

bhīru - timid, fearful, cowardly; a coward

From root bhī (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

मरणात् (maraṇāt) - from death, than death

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of maraṇa

maraṇa - death, dying

action noun

From root mṛ (to die) + ana (suffix for action nouns).

Root: mṛ (class 6)

अतिरिच्यते (atiricyate) - is worse than (is surpassed, exceeds, is superior to, remains over)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of atiric

Present tense, Middle voice

From 'ati' (over, beyond) + root 'ric' (to leave, abandon).

Prefix: ati

Root: ric (class 7)

Note: Subject is dharṣaṇāmarṣaṇam.