वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-16, verse-22

स तु वाली प्रचरितः सालताडनविह्वलः ।
गुरुभारसमाक्रान्ता सागरे नौरिवाभवत् ॥२२॥

22. sa tu vālī pracaritaḥ sālatāḍanavihvalaḥ ,
gurubhārasamākrāntā sāgare naurivābhavat.

22. saḥ tu vālī pracaritaḥ sāla tāḍana vihvalaḥ
guru bhāra samākrāntā sāgare nauḥ iva abhavat

22. saḥ tu vālī sāla tāḍana vihvalaḥ pracaritaḥ
sāgare guru bhāra samākrāntā nauḥ iva abhavat

22. But Vālin, disoriented and reeling from the blow of the śāla tree, swayed like a boat in the ocean weighed down by a heavy cargo.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Vālin) (he, that (one))

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• वाली (vālī) - Vālin (name of a Vanara king)

• प्रचरितः (pracaritaḥ) - staggered, swayed, moved about

• साल (sāla) - śāla tree

• ताडन (tāḍana) - striking, beating, blow

• विह्वलः (vihvalaḥ) - bewildered, agitated, disoriented, reeling

• गुरु (guru) - heavy, weighty, great

• भार (bhāra) - load, burden, weight

• समाक्रान्ता (samākrāntā) - overcome, oppressed, weighed down

• सागरे (sāgare) - in the ocean, in the sea

• नौः (nauḥ) - boat, ship

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अभवत् (abhavat) - he/she/it became, was

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Vālin) (he, that (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

वाली (vālī) - Vālin (name of a Vanara king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vālin

vālin - Vālin (name of a Vanara king, Sugrīva's elder brother)

प्रचरितः (pracaritaḥ) - staggered, swayed, moved about

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pracarita

pracarita - moved about, walked, entered, staggered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √car (to move, go) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: car (class 1)

साल (sāla) - śāla tree

(noun)

masculine, singular of sāla

sāla - śāla tree (Shorea robusta)

ताडन (tāḍana) - striking, beating, blow

(noun)

neuter, singular of tāḍana

tāḍana - striking, beating, blow, percussion

From root √tāḍ (to strike)

Root: tāḍ (class 10)

विह्वलः (vihvalaḥ) - bewildered, agitated, disoriented, reeling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihvala

vihvala - bewildered, agitated, disoriented, overwhelmed, reeling

Derived from root √hval (to stumble, totter) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: hval (class 1)

गुरु (guru) - heavy, weighty, great

(adjective)

masculine, singular of guru

guru - heavy, weighty, great, important

भार (bhāra) - load, burden, weight

(noun)

masculine, singular of bhāra

bhāra - load, burden, weight, mass

समाक्रान्ता (samākrāntā) - overcome, oppressed, weighed down

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of samākrānta

samākrānta - overcome, seized, assailed, oppressed, weighed down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √kram (to step, go) with prefixes sam- and ā-

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: kram (class 1)

सागरे (sāgare) - in the ocean, in the sea

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sāgara

sāgara - ocean, sea

नौः (nauḥ) - boat, ship

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nau

nau - boat, ship, vessel

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अभवत् (abhavat) - he/she/it became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)