वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-16, verse-8

शापितासि मम प्राणैर्निवर्तस्व जयेन च ।
अहं जित्वा निवर्तिष्ये तमलं भ्रातरं रणे ॥८॥

8. śāpitāsi mama prāṇairnivartasva jayena ca ,
ahaṃ jitvā nivartiṣye tamalaṃ bhrātaraṃ raṇe.

8. śāpitā asi mama prāṇaiḥ nivartasva jayena ca
aham jitvā nivartiṣye tam alam bhrātaram raṇe

8. tvam mama prāṇaiḥ śāpitā asi.
jayena ca nivartasva.
aham tam alam bhrātaram raṇe jitvā nivartiṣye.

8. You are sworn by my life; turn back, assured of victory. I will conquer that formidable brother of mine in battle and then return.

Words meanings summery:

• शापिता (śāpitā) - sworn, cursed

• असि (asi) - you are

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• प्राणैः (prāṇaiḥ) - with lives, with breaths, with vital airs

• निवर्तस्व (nivartasva) - turn back, return (you)

• जयेन (jayena) - by victory, with victory

• च (ca) - and, also

• अहम् (aham) - I

• जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered, having won

• निवर्तिष्ये (nivartiṣye) - I will return

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• अलम् (alam) - formidable (brother) (capable, sufficient, formidable, enough)

• भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - brother

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

Words meanings and morphology

शापिता (śāpitā) - sworn, cursed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śāpita

śāpita - sworn, cursed, made to swear (causative)

Past Passive Participle

From root 'śap' (class 1, to curse, to swear) with causative 'i' and participle suffix 'ta'. Feminine form.

Root: śap (class 1)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Tense

Root 'as' (class 2). Second person singular, present tense, active voice.

Root: as (class 2)

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, myself

Genitive singular of 'asmad'.

प्राणैः (prāṇaiḥ) - with lives, with breaths, with vital airs

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, life, vital air, spirit

From 'pra' + root 'an' (class 2, to breathe).

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

निवर्तस्व (nivartasva) - turn back, return (you)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of ni-vṛt

Imperative

Root 'vṛt' (class 1) with 'ni' prefix. Second person singular, imperative mood, middle voice.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

जयेन (jayena) - by victory, with victory

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, conquest, triumph

From root 'ji' (class 1, to conquer).

Root: ji (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction particle.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, myself

जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered, having won

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'ji' (class 1) with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: ji (class 1)

निवर्तिष्ये (nivartiṣye) - I will return

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of ni-vṛt

Future Tense

Root 'vṛt' (class 1) with 'ni' prefix. First person singular, future tense, middle voice.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, him

Accusative singular of 'tad' (masculine).

अलम् (alam) - formidable (brother) (capable, sufficient, formidable, enough)

(indeclinable)

Can function adverbially or adjectivally.

भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - brother

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, conflict, sound

From root 'raṇ' (class 1, to rejoice, to fight).

Root: raṇ (class 1)